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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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qalam قَلَم , pl. ʔaqlām 
ID 708 • Sw – • BP 1021 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLM 
n. 
reed pen; ‎pen; pencil; crayon; style, pistil (bot.) writing, script, calligraphic style, ductus; handwriting; style; ‎office, bureau, agency, department; window, counter; item, entry (com.); (EgAr) stripe, streak, ‎line; (EgAr) slap in the face – WehrCowan1979. 
The word, central to the idea of a ‘written’ revelation and hence scriptuality, is ‎one of only 17 words in the Q which, ultimately, are of Grk origin. 
Q 68:1, 96:4, and (in the pl. ʔaqlām) 31:27, 3:44 ‘pen’, or ‘the reed from which pens were made’ (Jeffrey 1938) 
▪ …
▪ … 
‎‎▪ Jeffery1938, 242-43: »It means a ‘pen’ in all the passages save iii, 39, where it refers to the ‎reeds which were cast to decide who should have care of the maiden Maryam, and where the ‎ʔaqlām, of course, stands for the ῥάβδοι rhábdoi, of the Protev. Jacobi, ix.1 – The native authorities take the word ‎from qlm ‘to cut’ (cf. LA, xv, 392), but this is only folk-etymology, for the word is the ‎Grk kálamos, a ‘reed’ and then a ‘pen’,2 though ‎coming through some Sem form. kálamos was borrowed into Aram, where we find ‎קולםוס ‏‎, Syr ‎‎qlmā, but it was from the Eth [Gz] qalam, as Nöldeke, Neue Beiträge, 50, has shown, that the ‎word came into Ar. It was an early borrowing, for it is found both in the old poetry and in the ‎SAr inscriptions (Rossini, Glossarium, 232, for qlm as calamus odoratus).«
▪ EALL (Gutas, ‎‎“Greek Loanwords”): a loan (from ???) that goes back to Greek kálamos. 
… 
► ‏‎qalamī, adj., penned, handwritten: nsb-adj.
► miqlamaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n., pen ‎case: n.instr. 
QLW/Y قلو/قلي 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
“root” 
▪ QLW/Y_1 ‘to fry, bake, roast’ ↗¹qalā; ‘alkali, base, lye (chem.)’ ↗qilw; ‘taqliya, sauce made of garlic, coriander and melted butter’ (Eg) ↗EgAr taq͗liyyaẗ.
▪ QLW/Y_2 ‘to hate, loathe, detest’ ↗²qalā
▪ QLW/Y_3 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): [√QLW/Y] ‘to dislike, to hate, to shun, to desert, to boycott; to roast; to toss about; to climb’ 
▪ QLW/Y_1 : From protSem *√QLY ‘to burn, roast’ (Huehnergard2011), *ḳ˅l˅w‑ ‘to roast’, prob. based on protSem *ḳ˅l‑, from AfrAs *ḳol‑ ‘to be hot, to burn’ (Orel&Stolbova1994#1584).
▪ QLW/Y_2 : …
▪ QLW/Y_3 : …
 
▪ … 
▪ …
▪ … 
▪ Any relation betw. QLW/Y_1 ‘to burn, fry, roast’ and QLW/Y_2 ‘to hate, loathe, detest’? 
▪ Engl alkali, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia ↗¹qalà, ↗qilw. 
… 
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