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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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šaṭranǧ , var. šiṭranǧ شَطْرَنْج 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ŠṬRNǦ 
n. 
chess – WehrCowan1976 
▪ Rolland2014: from Phlv čatrang ‘chess’, from Skr caturaŋga ‘the four army corps’, lit. ‘the four members’, from IE *kʷetwer‑ ‘four’ + *ank‑ ‘courbe, recourbé’
▪ Nişanyan_03Apr2015: (Tu satranç, from) Ar šaṭranǧ, from mPers čatrang, from Skr चतुर्ङ्ग cáturaṅga ‘four wings/columns (of an army)’, the army consisting of four elements, composed of Skr cátur ‘four’ + Skr aṅgam ‘arm, member’ 
▪ Earliest attestation in HDAL 660 AD (ʕAlī b. ʔAbī Ṭālib, in Sunan al-Bayhaqī) 
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▪ Tu 1069 [Kutadgu Bilig] nard u šaṭranǧ bilir erse ‘if he knew tavla and chess’, 1680 [Meninski, Thesaurus] šaṭrenǧ vul. šatranǧ 
► lawḥaẗ al-šaṭranǧ, n.f., chessboard 
ŠṬN 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 29Mar2023
√ŠṬN 
“root” 
▪ ŠṬN_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠṬN_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠṬN_3 ‘Satan’ ↗šayṭān (arranged s.r. ↗ŠYṬN)

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘fastening tightly; being exceedingly, or audaciously, proud, corrupt, rebellious or insolent’ – 
▪ [v1] From NWSem *√ŚṬN ‘to be(come) hostile, accuse’ – Huehnergard2011.
▪ [v2] …
▪ [v3] : (BAH2008:) Philologists derive the word ↗šayṭān either from the root ŠṬN […] or from the root ↗ŠYṬ (‘singeing, scorching, burning’). 
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▪ Engl Satan, shaitan ↗šayṭān (arranged s.r. ↗ŠYṬN). 
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ŠʕB شعب 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ŠʕB 
“root” 
▪ ŠʕB_1 ‘…’ ↗…
▪ ŠʕB_2 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to unite, to gather together; to disperse, scatter, separate, divide; to branch out; a mountain road; tribe, race’ 
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