Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Out of the four values listed in DRS for the root ḤKY in Sem, only one is represented in Ar. The latter does not seem to have real cognates within Sem and therefore seems to be an exclusively Ar phenomenon.
▪ In Ar, the basic value of ḤKY seems to have been ‘to imitate, resemble’. From this, the other values (‘to report, relate, tell’ and, in LevAr, also the general ‘to speak, talk’) have developed, see ↗ḥakà. – See also ↗ḥikāyaẗ ‘story’.

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▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤKW/Y-1 Ar ḥakā(y) ‘ rapporter, relater, raconter; ressembler, imiter’. -2 Hbr ḥākā ‘attendre avec impatience’. -3 Mhr ḥəkū ‘refuser de donner’, Jib ḥké ‘envier’; s̃ḥεké ‘vouloir que qn fasse qc de difficile à sa place’, s̃əḥéki ‘essayer de se dégager d’une obligation’; -4 Jib ḥɔ́kε ‘sang et délivre’.
▪ Militarev&Stolbova2007: Outside Sem: (ECh) é:kē, wáàké ‘to call’ (in 2 langs).

▪ For ḤKY_1, see ↗ḥakà.
▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤKW/Y-2: A été emprunté en Akk sous la forme ḫakûm ‘attendre’, selon AHW 309.

▪ ↗ḥakà.

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ḥakà / ḥakay‑ حَكَى / حَكَيْـ , i (ḥikāyaẗ)

√ḤKY

vb., I

1 to tell, relate, report, give an account (DO of); 2 to speak, talk (syr., leb.); 3 to imitate, copy; to resemble (s.o., s.th.) – WehrCowan1979.

▪ The word does not seem to have any cognates in Sem. The primary meaning was probably [v3] ‘to resemble, imitate’, whence developed [v1] ‘to report’ (i.e., *‘to reproduce/imitate what s.o. has said or done’?), hence [v2] ‘to speak’.

▪ ḥakà originally meant ‘to imitate’, but »came to acquire the meaning of ‘to tell, to narrate’; similarly the noun ↗ḥikāyaẗ, starting from the meaning of ‘imitation’, has come to mean more specifically ‘mimicry’, and finally ‘tale, narrative, story, legend’. In ClassAr the intensive form ḥākiyaẗ meant a ‘mimic’ and modAr has adopted the PA ḥākⁱⁿ to translate ‘gramophone’« – Ch. Pellat, in art. »Ḥikāya«, EI².

▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤKW/Y-1 Ar ḥakā(y) ‘rapporter, relater, raconter; ressembler, imiter’
▪ Militarev&Stolbova2007 thinks that the forms é:kē and wáàké ‘to call’ in 2 ECh langs may be cognates outside Sem.

▪ As DRS shows, the value ‘to resemble, imitate; to tell a story’ of the root ḤKY is apparently without cognates in Sem.
▪ Landberg1920 thinks that the basic meaning of ḥakà is »‘être ressemblant, imiter’«.
▪ Militarev&Stolbova2007: Based on Ar ḥakà, the authors reconstruct Sem *ḥ˅k˅y- ‘to tell, inform’, and from the evidence in 2 ECh langs they stipulate ECh *H(y)akay- ‘to call’. If these reconstructions are correct, the regular ancestor of both should be AfrAs *ḥ˅kay- (?) ‘to tell, call’. But the authors are reluctant themselves and underline that all this is based on scarce data only.
▪ Are ↗ḤKː (ḤKK) ‘to rub’ or ↗ḤW/YK ‘to weave’ related in any way?
▪ Hava1899 mentions a vb. IV, ʔaḥkà ʕalà , with the meaning ‘to overcome s.o.’. Is that related to ḥakà, and if so, how?

▪ Tu tahkiye ‘narration, narrative’ : C20 (lOttTu) neolog., renders Fr narratif, does not seem to be based on a corresponding Ar vn. II, *taḥkiyaẗ – Nişanyan_11Jun2015.
▪ For Tu hikâye, see ↗ ḥikāyaẗ.

► ḥākà, vb. III, 1 to imitate, copy, assimilate o.s. (DO to); 2 to be similar (DO to), be like s.th. (DO), resemble, be attuned, adjusted, adopted (DO to), be in harmony (DO with): L-stem, associative.

► ḥaky, n., (Syr., leb.) 1 speaking, talking; 2 speech: vn. I.
► ^BP#1296ḥikāyaẗ, pl. -āt, n.f., 1 story, tale, narrative, account; 2 (gram.) literal quotation (of the words of others): vn. I | ~ šaʕbiyyaẗ, n.f., folk tale, fairy story
► ḥakawātī, n., (Syr.) popular storyteller: n.prof. in coll. -ātī, where ¬ ī is an adjr. (nsb-formation) and -āt‑ quasi a pl.f. suffix, giving the idea of multitude, *‘always telling many stories’.
► ḥakkāʔ, n., narrator: n.prof., in the form of ints. FaʕʕāL.
► muḥākāẗ, n.f., 1 imitation; 2 similarity, resemblance; 3 harmony: vn. III | ~ al-ʔaṣwāt, n.f., echolalia (psych.).
► ḥākin, det. ḥākī, 1 narrator, storyteller; 2 phonograph; 3 [old Wehr] loudspeaker, radio: PA I; [v2] and [v3] are neologisms.
► maḥkīy, adj., 1 imitated, imitation (adj.); 2 (syr., leb.) spoken: PP I.

ḥikāyaẗ حِكايَة , pl. ‑āt

√ḤKY

n.f.

1 story, tale, narrative, account; 2 (gram.) literal quotation (of the words of others) – WehrCowan1979.

Morphologically, ḥikāyaẗ is a vn. I, from ↗ḥakà, in the pass./resultative meaning of ‘what is imitated’ [v2] or ‘what is reported, told’ [v1].

▪ Following D. B. MacDonald in EI¹ II:321 ff., Fück (1950: 114) characterizes the value, found in Ibn al-Nadīm’s Fihrist (comp. 377 AH), of ḥikāyaẗ as ‘Darstellung, Bericht’, developed from the more general ‘Wiedergabe’, as »nachklassisch« (post-classical). MacDonald »considers that the cause of the evolution [▪ …] must be sought in the influence of the Aristotelian doctrine of mímēsis in art (Poetics, i-iv); indeed Mattā b. Yūnus, in his translation of the Poetics [▪ …] uses the word ḥikāyaẗ to translate mímēsis « – Ch. Pellat, in art. »Ḥikāya«, EI².

▪ ↗ḥakà.

↗ḥakà.

▪ Tu hikâye ‘story’: 1330 ʕĀşıḳ Paşa, Ġarīb-nāme : diŋle imdi kim ḥıkāyet nitedür; 1680 Meninski, Thesaurus : ḥıkāyet, ḥıkāye – Nişanyan_16Apr2015.

► ḥikāyaẗ šaʕbiyyaẗ, n.f., folk tale, fairy story

► ḥakawātī, n., (Syr.) popular storyteller: n.prof. in coll. -ātī, where ¬ ī is an adjr. (nsb-formation) and -āt‑ quasi a pl.f. suffix, evoking the idea of multitude, *‘always telling many stories’.

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