Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ḤNW/Y_1 ‘to bend, curve, twist; to lean, incline; to feel for, sympathize (with s.o.), feel compassion, pity’ ↗ ḥanā/à
▪ ḤNW/Y_2 ‘shop; tavern’ ↗ḥānūt
▪ ḤNW/Y_3 (EgAr) ‘corpse washer; undertaker, gravedigger’ ↗ḥānūtī
▪ ḤNW/Y_ …

▪ ḤNW/Y_1: DRS 10 (2012) ḤNW/Y-1: «La valeur fondamentale semble être celle de ‘courbure’ qui est représentée partout. [Huehnergard2011 reconstructs protSem *√X̣NY ‘to bend, incline’.] Elle recouvre souvent celle d’inclination, au sens physique et psychologique, affectif.’ – Comparer sous ḤWN.»
▪ ḤNW/Y_2: prob. orig. *‘room with arched ceiling, vault’, from ḤNW/Y_1 ‘to bend, twist, bow, incline’; so DRS 10 (2012): «Le terme ḥānūt avec ses variantes est fondé sur la notion de ‘courbure’ dans les diverses langues. Il s’agit d’une suite d’emprunts» (Syr > Ar > Gz).
▪ ḤNW/Y_3: prob. based on ḤNW/Y_2 ḥānūt in the more general orig. sense of ‘vaulted room’, hence not only ‘tavern’ but also ‘burial chamber’.
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▪ DRS 10 (2012) #ḤNW/Y-1 Hbr ḥānāʰ ‘se courber, s’incliner, incliner vers; s’asseoir, se coucher’, Phoen Pun mḥnt, Hbr maḥᵃnäʰ ‘campement’; JudPalAram ḥᵃnā ‘coucher, habiter; établir le campement’, Palm ḥnʔ (qal) ‘se reposer’, (paʕel) ‘placer, faire reposer’; Ar ḥanā ‘pencher, incliner la tête, courber, plier; avoir une grande tendresse’, ḥunuww ‘tendresse’; ḥaniyy ‘courbe’, ḥaniyyaẗ ‘arc, voûte, arcade’; Mhr ḥənū, Ḥrs ḥənō ‘courber’, Jib ḥání ‘s’incliner; tordre’. Ar ḥaniyyaẗ ‘vin, marchand de vin’. - Hbr ḥānût ‘boutique, cellule, voûte’, Palm ḥnwtʔ, JudPalAram ‘boutique, boucherie, taverne’, Syr ḥānūtā ‘boutique de marchand’, Ar ḥānūt ‘boutique, (particulièrement boutique de marchand de vin)’; Gz ḥanot ‘cellule, voûte, abattoir, taverne, auberge’, Amh hanot ‘boucherie’. -2 Ḥrs ḥān ‘travailler, faire’, Mhr ḥān, ḥənīt, Jib ḥanít ‘machin, truc (à la place du nom d’un objet)’. -3 Ar ḥanā ‘avoir soif’, ? ḥaniⁿ ‘lubrique’. -4 ʔaḥnà ‘mûrir’.
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▪ (ad DRS ḤNW/Y-1 and -3) Cf., however, Haupt, JAOS 28 (1907): 114, who maintains that ‑n‑ in [ḤNW/Y-3] ḥnw is an infix, added to a basic ḤW. In contrast, according to the author, »[ḤNW/Y-1] ḥnw ‘to bend, twist, incline’ has no connection with [Hbr] ḥnʰ ‘to encamp’: ḥnw ‘to bend’ is derived from the root ḤN, while ḥnw ‘to drink’ (with infixed n) [is] from ḤW« – a prob. untenable and unnecessarily complicating hypothesis.
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ḥanā حنا , ū (ḥanw, ḥunuww), and ḥanà حنى , ī (ḥany, ḥināyaẗ)

ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 5Sep2022

√ḤNW/Y

vb., I

1a to bend, curve, twist, turn; b to lean, incline (ʕalà or ʔilà toward s.o.); c to bend, bow, flex, curve, crook (s.th.); 2 to feel for s.o. (ʕalà), sympathize (ʕalà with s.o.), commiserate, pity (ʕalà s.o.), feel compassion, feel pity (ʕalà for s.o.) – WehrCowan1976.

▪ From a root *ḤNW/Y ‘to bend, be inclined’, attested in Ar, Can (Hbr Phoen Aram), and modSAr.
▪ Huehnergard2011: From protSem *√X̣NY ‘to bend, incline’.
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▪ DRS 10 (2012) #ḤNW/Y-1 Hbr ḥānāʰ ‘se courber, s’incliner, incliner vers; s’asseoir, se coucher’, Phoen Pun mḥnt, Hbr maḥᵃnäʰ ‘campement’; JudPalAram ḥᵃnā ‘coucher, habiter; établir le campement’, Palm ḥnʔ (qal) ‘se reposer’, (paʕel) ‘placer, faire reposer’; Ar ḥanā ‘pencher, incliner la tête, courber, plier; avoir une grande tendresse’, ḥunuww ‘tendresse’; ḥaniyy ‘courbe’, ḥaniyyaẗ ‘arc, voûte, arcade’; Mhr ḥənū, Ḥars ḥənō ‘courber’, Jib ḥání ‘s’incliner; tordre’. Ar ḥaniyyaẗ ‘vin, marchand de vin’. - Hbr ḥānût ‘boutique, cellule, voûte’, Palm ḥnwtʔ, JudPalAram ‘boutique, boucherie, taverne’, Syr ḥānūtā ‘boutique de marchand’, Ar ḥānūt ‘boutique, (particulièrement boutique de marchand de vin)’; Gz ḥanot ‘cellule, voûte, abattoir, taverne, auberge’, Amh hanot ‘boucherie’. -2-4 […].
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►ʔaḥnà, vb. IV, 1 to bend, bow, tilt, incline (s.th.; e.g., raʔsahū one’s head); 2 to sympathize (ʕalà with s.o.), feel compassion, feel pity (ʕalà for s.o.), commiserate, pity (ʕalà s.o.): *Š-stem, caus.
►ĭnḥanà, vb. VII, 1a to bend, curve, twist, turn; b to be winding, be tortuous, wind, meander (e.g., a road); c to turn, deviate, digress (ʕan from); d to bow (li‑ to s.o.); 2a to lean, incline (ʕalà or fawqᵃ over s.th., ʔilà toward s.o./s.th.); b to devote o.s. eagerly (ʕalà to s.th.); 3 to contain, harbor (ʕalà s.th.): N-stem, intr.| ʔinna ḍulūʕī lā tanḥanī ʕalà ḍiġn, expr., I harbor no grudge, I feel no resentment.

►ḥanw, n., bending, deflection, flexing, flexure, curving, curvature, twisting, turning: vn. I; hist. also attested (with pl. ʔaḥnāʔ, ḥiniyy, ḥuniyy) as *‘any curved member, as rib, jaw; crooked’ (Hava1899), cf. ḥinw, ḥaniyyaẗ, al-ḥawānī, below.
►ḥinw, pl. ʔaḥnāʔ, n., 1 bend, bow, turn, twist, curved line, curve, contour; 2 pl. ribs: *‘curving, any curved member’ | baynᵃ ʔaḥnāʔihā, in her bosom.
►ḥunūw, n., sympathy, compassion, tenderness, affection: vn. I, fig. use.
►ḥany, n., bending, deflection, flexing, flexure, curving, curvature, twisting, turning: vn. I.
►ḥanyaẗ, n.f., bend, turn, curve: n.vic.
►ḥaniyyaẗ, pl. ḥanāyā, n.f., 1a arc; b camber, curvature: quasi-PP | fī ḥanāyā ṣiḍrih, in his bosom; fī ḥanāyā nafsih, in his heart, deep inside him.
►ḥināyaẗ, n.f., curving, curvature, twisting, turning, bending: vn. I.
►ḥānūt, pl. hawānītᵘ, n., 1a store, shop; b wineshop, tavern: Aram lw., < *‘room with vaulted ceiling’, see s.v.
►maḥnaⁿ, pl. maḥāniⁿ, n., curvature, bend, flexure, bow, turn, curve: n.loc. I.
►ĭnḥināʔ, n., 1a bend, deflection, curvature; b curve; c inclination, tilt; 2 bow, curtsy; 3 arc: vn. VII.
►ĭnḥināʔaẗ, n.f., bow, curtsy: n.vic. VII.
►al-ḥawānī, n.pl., 1a the longest ribs; b (fig.) breast, bosom: pl. of *ḥāniyaẗ: same as ḥaniyyaẗ, above | bi-milʔi ḥawānī-him, (they shouted) at the top of their lungs, with all their might.
►maḥnīy, adj., 1a bowed, inclined (head); b bent, curved, crooked: PP I.
►munḥaniⁿ, adj., 1a bent, curved, crooked, twisted; b inclined, bowed: PA VII.
►munḥanaⁿ, pl. munḥanayāt, n., 1a bend, flexure, deflection, curvature; b turn, twist, break, angle; c curve (of a road, and math.); 2 slope: n.loc. VII.

ḥānūt حانوت , pl. ḥawānītᵘ

√ḤNW/Y

n. (m./f.)

1a store, shop; b wineshop, tavern – WehrCowan1976.

▪ From Aram ḥānūṯā ‘wineshop, tavern’, often derived from Pers ḫān, but accord. to Nöldeke rather cognate with Hbr miḥᵃnäʰ ‘encampment’, from a Sem root *ḤNW/Y ‘to bend, bow, be curved, arched ceiling’ – Fraenkel1886: 172.
▪ Also attested as ‘burial chamber’,¹ hence prob. the (EgAr) ↗ḥānūtī ‘corpse washer; undertaker, gravedigger’.
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1. Cf., e.g., art. »Ṭabarḳa« (G. Yver [M. Yalaoui]), in EI², http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_7251.

▪ 563 CE in a poem by Ṭarafaẗ b. al-ʕAbid – DHDA.
▪ Historically also attested (Hava1899): ^†ḥaniyyat, pl. ḥanāyā, ḥaniyy, ‘vault; bow’; ^†ḥānāẗ, ^†ḥāniyaẗ ‘shop; tavern; vintner’; ^†ḥānawī, ^†ḥānī ‘shop-keeper; vintner’; ^†ḥāniyyaẗ ‘wine; wine-merchant’
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▪ ↗ḤNW/Y.
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►ḥānūtī, pl. -iyyaẗ (EgAr), n., 1a corpse washer; b undertaker, mortician, gravedigger: prob. nsb-formation from ḥānūt in the sense of ‘burial chamber, vault’, see s.v.

EgAr ḥānūtī حانوتي , pl. -iyyaẗ

√ḤNW/Y

n. (nominalised nsb-adj.)

1a corpse washer; b undertaker, mortician, gravedigger – BadawiHinds1986.

▪ Prob. nsb-formation from ↗ḥānūt in the latter’s sense of ‘burial chamber, vault’ (cf. ^†ḥaniyyat, pl. ḥanāyā, ḥaniyy, ‘vault; bow’ – Hava1899), related to ↗ḥanā/ḥanà ‘to bend, bow, flex, curve, crook’.
▪ Meaning possibly influenced by the obsol. n. ^†ḥanūṭ, var. ^†ḥināṭ (emph. ‑ṭ!), ‘perfume or odoriferous substances of any kind that are mixed for a corpse, in particular, or for grave-clothes and for the bodies of the dead’ (Lane ii 1865) ↗ḥannaṭa ‘to embalm, mummify’.
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▪ ↗ḥānūt (√ḤNW/Y)
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DISC ▪ Cf. G. Yver [M. Yalaoui] in EI² article on “Ṭabarḳa”:¹ »The modern population of the region [Ṭabarqa, NW Tunisia] certainly seems to have very ancient antecedents. Libyan inscriptions and Punic inscriptions have been discovered in the burial chambers (ḥwānet, pl. of ḥanūt) which are found in underground caves hollowed out of the cliff and covered with bichrome drawings.«
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1. http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_7251.

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