Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ It looks as if value ZʕL_1 ‘annoyed, angry’ (and hence also ‘bored, fed up, tired’) has gradually developed from the now obsolete ZʕL_2 ‘to be brisk; to prance; to be restless’. Lane, at least, says that ZʕL_1 is not ClassAr, it rather pertains to »the modern language«; in Hava1899, the respective meanings are marked with the sign for Syrian (Levantine) Arabic. DRS puts a question-mark before its separation of the two values; what corresponds to ZʕL_1 (= DRS ZʕL#2) appears as dialectal only.
▪ ZʕL_3: identification of the animal with its behaviour/movements?
▪ ZʕL_4: metathetical var. of ʔaʕzala ?

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▪ DRS 8 (1999)#ZʕL-1 Ar zaʕila ‘être gai, dispos et alerte’, zāʕala ‘arracher qc de sa place’. - ?2 SudAr ziʕil ‘être en colère’, EAr zəʕel ‘être fâché, ennuyé’, MġrAr zʕəl ‘s’ennuyer, être mal disposé; se fâcher’, Maraz zʕal ‘se hâter, s’élancer’; ?MorocAr zʕal ‘geindre (de fatigue sous une charge)’; nAram azʕel ‘se mettre en colère’. -3 Gz zəʕlā ‘frange, bande de vêtement’, Amh zəʕəla ‘calotte de prêtre’. -4 Amh (Gond) zal ‘jambe de derrière d’une bête égorgée’.

▪ From among the four values given for Sem ZʕL in DRS, only two are relevant for Ar.
▪ DRS is not sure whether these two should be separated from each other or rather they belong together. Lane marks the ZʕL_1 values as used »in the modern language«, as opposed to ClassAr. Hava1899 identifies the respective items as peculiar to LevAr. This could suggest an Aram connection; but there do not seem to be Aram cognates. Furthermore, in DRS the value is not restricted to LevAr but is widespread also elsewhere (SudAr, EAr, MġrAr, etc.).
▪ ZʕL_3 ‘ostrich’: value not mentioned in DRS, but found in Freytag, Hava1899, and others. – Was the animal called so because of its prancing? or its restlessness?
▪ ZʕL_4 ‘to remove’: value not mentioned in DRS, but in many dictionaries. – A metathetical var. of vb. IV, ʔaʕzala (cf. √ZʕL vs. √ʕZL)? Cf. ↗ʕazala.

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zaʕil‑ زَعِلَ , a (zaʕal)

√ZʕL

vb., I

1 to be bored, be fed up (min with s.th.), be tired (min of); 2 to be annoyed, angry – WehrCowan1979.

From the adj. zaʕil ?

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zaʕil زَعِل

√ZʕL

adj.

annoyed, angry, vexed, put out – WehrCowan1979.

▪ It cannot be excluded that the value ‘annoyed, angry’ developed from an earlier, now obsolete ^†‘to be brisk; to prance; to be restless’ (cf. ↗ZʕL_1/2). Lane gives the latter as the meaning the word has in ClassAr, while the former belongs to »the modern language«. Hava1899 marks ‘annoyed, angry, vexed, etc.’ as LevAr, while DRS gives evidence for that this meaning is much more widespread. In WehrCowan1979, however, the item figures as MSA, not specifically dialectal usage.
▪ zaʕil is taken as the etymon proper here. A similarly ‘basic’ form could well be the n. zaʕal. In contrast, the vb. I, zaʕila, is probably denominative.

▪ In addition to the values listed in WehrCowan1979, Hava1899 has still the old ClassAr values: ^†zaʕil, adj., ‘lively’; ^†zaʕila a (zaʕal) ‘to be brisk; to prance without rider (horse); to be restless (sick person)’; ^†ʔazʕala, vb. IV, ‘to render lively’, ^†tazaʕʕala, vb. V, ‘to be brisk, sprightly’. – Cf. also ^†zaʕlaẗ, n.f., ‘ostrich’ (*the prancing one?)?

▪ DRS 8 (1999)#ZʕL-1 Ar zaʕila ‘être gai, dispos et alerte’, zāʕala ‘arracher qc de sa place’. - ? 2 SudAr ziʕil ‘être en colère’, EAr zəʕel ‘être fâché, ennuyé’, MġrAr zʕəl ‘s’ennuyer, être mal disposé; se fâcher’, Maraz zʕal ‘se hâter, s’élancer’; ?MorocAr zʕal ‘geindre (de fatigue sous une charge)’; nAram azʕel ‘se mettre en colère’.

▪ DRS is not sure whether the two values (#1) ‘to be brisk, etc.’ and (#2) ‘to be bored, annoyed, etc.’ should be separated from each other or rather seen together, as basically one. According to Lane, the ZʕL_1 values occur »in the modern language«, while the others are ClassAr. Hava1899 identifies the respective items as peculiar to LevAr. This could suggest an Aram connection; but is does not seem as if there were any Aram cognates. Furthermore, in DRS the value is not restricted to LevAr but is widespread also elsewhere (SudAr, EAr, MġrAr, etc.).

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► zaʕila, a (zaʕal), vb. I, 1 to be bored, be fed up (min with s.th.), be tired (min of); 2 to be annoyed, angry: denom. (from the adj.)?

► zaʕʕala, vb. II, to annoy, vex (s.o): D-stem, caus.
► ʔazʕala, vb. IV, to trouble, annoy (s.o.): Š-stem, caus.
► zaʕal, n., displeasure, annoyance, irritation, vexation: vn. I, the etymon proper?
► ^BP#4827zaʕlānᵘ, adj., annoyed, angry, vexed, put out: ints.
► zāʕūlaẗ, n.f., annoyance, anger, irritation, vexation: rare pattern, pointing to Aram origin?

zaʕlānᵘ زَعْلانُ

√ZʕL

adj.

annoyed, angry, vexed, put out – WehrCowan1979.

ints.

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