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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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QLW/Y قلو/قلي 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
“root” 
▪ QLW/Y_1 ‘to fry, bake, roast’ ↗¹qalā; ‘alkali, base, lye (chem.)’ ↗qilw; ‘taqliya, sauce made of garlic, coriander and melted butter’ (Eg) ↗EgAr taq͗liyyaẗ.
▪ QLW/Y_2 ‘to hate, loathe, detest’ ↗²qalā
▪ QLW/Y_3 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): [√QLW/Y] ‘to dislike, to hate, to shun, to desert, to boycott; to roast; to toss about; to climb’ 
▪ QLW/Y_1 : From protSem *√QLY ‘to burn, roast’ (Huehnergard2011), *ḳ˅l˅w‑ ‘to roast’, prob. based on protSem *ḳ˅l‑, from AfrAs *ḳol‑ ‘to be hot, to burn’ (Orel&Stolbova1994#1584).
▪ QLW/Y_2 : …
▪ QLW/Y_3 : …
 
▪ … 
▪ …
▪ … 
▪ Any relation betw. QLW/Y_1 ‘to burn, fry, roast’ and QLW/Y_2 ‘to hate, loathe, detest’? 
▪ Engl alkali, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia ↗¹qalà, ↗qilw. 
… 
¹qalā / qalaw‑ قَلا / قَلَوْـ , u (qalw), and
¹qalà / qalay‑ قَلَى / قَلَيْـ , i (qaly) 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
vb., I 
to fry, bake, roast – WehrCowan1976. 
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#1584: from protSem *ḳ˅l˅w‑ ‘to roast’, prob. based on protSem *ḳ˅l‑, from AfrAs *ḳol‑ ‘to be hot, to burn’.
▪ Any relation to ↗²qalā ‘to hate, loathe, detest’? 
▪ … 
▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘to roast’) Akk iqlū ‘to burn’, Hbr qālā (ē), Syr qlā (ē), Gz qaláwa (ū).
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#1584: Akk qalû, Ar qlw. – Outside Sem: (CCh) kwul‑ in 1 CCh lang.
 
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#1584: protSem *ḳ˅l˅w‑ ‘to roast’ (Akk, Ar), prob. based on *ḳ˅l‑, protCCh *kwalu‑ ‘hotness’ (reconstructed on the basis of 1 CCh lang), both from hypothetical AfrAs *ḳol‑ ‘to be hot, to burn’.
▪ Any relation to ↗²qalā ‘to hate, loathe, detest’? 
▪ Engl alkali, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, from Ar (al‑)qily ‘the ashes, lye, potash’, from qalà ‘to fry, roast’ – Huehnergard2011. 
►qilw, qilan, qily, n., alkali, base, lye (chem.)
►qilwī, adj., alkaline, basic: nisba formation of qilw | al‑qilwiyyāt, n.nhum.pl., the bases (chem.)
►qallāyaẗ, n.f., frying vessel: ints. formation.
►miqlan, det. miqlà, n., and miqlāẗ, pl. maqālin, det. maqālī, n.f., frying pan: n.instr.
►taqliyaẗ, n.f., alcalization (chem.): vn. II.
► EgAr taq͗liyyaẗ, n.f., sauce made of garlic, coriander and melted butter and served as a condiment.
 
²qalā / qalaw‑ قَلا / قَلَوْـ , u (qilaⁿ, det. qilà; qalāʔ),
²qalà / qalay‑ قَلَى / قَلَيْـ , i (qaly), and
qaliy‑ قَلِيَ , a (qilan, det. qilà; qalāʔ, maqliyaẗ) 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
vb., I 
to hate, loathe, detest – WehrCowan1976. 
▪ Any relation to ↗¹qalā, vb. I, ‘to fry, bake, roast’? 
▪ … 
… 
▪ Any relation to ↗¹qalā, vb. I, ‘to fry, bake, roast’? 
… 
… 
qilw قِلْو , var. qilaⁿ, qily 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
n. 
alkali, base, lye (chem.) – WehrCowan1976. 
▪ Orig., *‘roasted mineral, potashes’, from ↗¹qalā, vb. I, ‘to fry, bake, roast’.
▪ According to Ullmann (see below, section DISC) from Aram qelyā ‘potash, potassium carbonate; soda, sodium carbonate’.
▪ …  
▪ … 
▪ Cf. also ↗¹qalā. 
▪ »al-Qily, (also al-qilā, according to Abu ’l-Ḥasan al-Liḥyānī also al-qilw […]; the word is derived from Aram qelyā), ‘potash, potassium carbonate [K₂CO₃]’, but also ‘soda, sodium carbonate [Na₂CO₃]’ (both materials were not clearly distinguished, therefore the Ar term is kept in what follows). Al-qily thus indicates the salt which is won from the ashes of alkaline plants, but is also confusingly used for the ashes themselves and the lye. As synonyms are given šabb al-ʕuṣfur and šabb al-ʔasākifaẗ […]. The plants or families of plants rimṯ(Haloxylonarticulatum Cav.) and ḥamḍ (Chenopodiaceae) serve as the standard plants employed. According to Abū Ḥanīfaẗ al-Dīnawarī […] the best potash is won from al-ḥuruḍ (Arthroenemum c.q. Seidlitzia), the so-called “potash of the dyers” (qily al-ṣabbāġīn). The other sorts sufficed for the fabrication of glass. […] / Qily is used for various purposes: in the absence of soap (ṣābūn), clothes are washed with it […]. Chemists used it to manufacture pungent lyes […]. / A prominent part is played by al-qily in the manufacture of glass. It is melted together with sand and magnesia and thus produces the “substance of glass” (ǧawhar al-zuǧāǧ […]). Above all, it happens that the glass easily absorbs the various colorations […]. / Because of its biting, burning and purifying effect al-qily is used in medicine to treat skin diseases like vitiligo (↗bahaq), leprosy (↗baraṣ), scabies (↗ǧarab) and also wounds and sores (↗ǧirāḥ, qurūḥ). Morbid growths are also etched with it […]. Many people apply al-qily and vinegar on scorpion stings […]« – M. Ullmann, art. »al-Qily«, in EI².
▪ … 
▪ Engl alkali, lC14, ‘soda ash’, from mLat alkali, from Ar al-qaliy ‘the ashes, burnt ashes’ (of saltwort, which abounds in soda due to growing in alkaline soils), from qalà ‘to roast in a pan’. Later extended to similar substances, natural or manufactured. The modern chemistry sense is from 1813 – EtymOnline (as of 18Sep2020).
▪ Engl alkali, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, from Ar (al‑)qily ‘the ashes, lye, potash’, from qalà ‘to fry, roast’ – Huehnergard2011. 
►qilwī, adj., alkaline, basic: nisba formation of qilw | al‑qilwiyyāt, n.nhum.pl., the bases (chem.)
►taqliyaẗ, n.f., alcalization (chem.): vn. II.
 
EgAr taq͗liyyaẗ تَقْلِيّة 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
n.f. 
sauce made of garlic, coriander and melted butter and served as a condiment – WehrCowan1976.
 
▪ Rare taFʕīLaẗ formation, meton. use of vn. II), from ↗¹qalā, vb. I, ‘to fry, bake, roast’ (or rather an obs. *qallà, D-stem, ints. formation of G-stem). 
▪ … 
See ↗¹qalā. 
See above, section CONC. 
… 
… 
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