▪ KRː (KRR)_1 ‘to rattle in the throat’ ↗¹karra ▪ KRː (KRR)_2 ‘to turn around and attack; to return, come back, recur; one time’ ↗²karra ▪ KRː (KRR)_3 ‘to clarify, purify, refine’ ↗karrara ▪ KRː (KRR)_4 ‘hundred thousand’ ↗karraẗ ▪ KRː (KRR)_5 ‘pantry, storeroom; cellar’ ↗karār ▪ KRː (KRR)_6 ‘spool, bobbin, reel’ ↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ Other values, now obsolete, include (WKAS I 1970, Hava1899, BK1860)▪ †KRː (KRR)_7 ‘corde tressée de feuilles ou de fibres (līf) de palmier (BK); rope, cable (for ascending the palm-tree) | rope used as a ladder; en général, corde, cordage, câble | cable’: †²karr (pl. karār, kirār, kurūr, ? ʔakrār); cf. also (=?) †³karr, n., (pl. ʔakrār) ‘cord, thong which holds together the two extremities of the camel’s saddle’ ▪ †KRː (KRR)_8 ‘carpet, mat | natte, drap ou tapis sur lequel on fait la prière’: †⁴karr (pl. ʔakrār, kurūr) ▪ †KRː (KRR)_9 ‘cistern, subterranean reservoir | well | terrain un peu encaissé, creux dans le sable où l’eau demeure stagnante; puits; vivier’: †¹kurr (var. karr; pl. kirār) ▪ †KRː (KRR)_10 ‘(dry measure equal to 60 qafīz or 6 ass-loads)’: †²ᵃkurr (pl. kirār)’; hence (?) also †²ᵇkurr ‘ass foal’? ▪ †KRː (KRR)_11 ‘(a kind of stuff, coarse linen) | vêtement’: †³kurr ▪ †KRː (KRR)_12 ‘(burnt) camel’s dung into which coats of mail are put for protection against rust | fiente pourrie des bestiaux employée pour polir les cuirasses’: †kurraẗ ▪ †KRː (KRR)_13 ‘cowrie used as an amulet | boule ou coquillage porté en guise de charme pour fasciner et se concilier l’amour’: †kirār (Hava1899) ~ †karār (BK1860) ▪ †KRː (KRR)_ ‘…’: †krr♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr according to BAH2008: ‘to return, repeat, turn around, day and night; to assail; to be undecided; cough’
▪ [gnrl] : The values attached to root √KRː (KRR) display a rather varied mixture of related and unrelated items. We can prob. identify three major complexes: (a) an onomatopoetic (?) one, imitating the *‘sound of rattling in the throat’, etc. (see value [v1]); unless simply a phon. var. of similar items with initial ǧ- instead of k- (see complex (c)), this complex may have been influenced (with regard to the recurrence/repetition implied in the rattling etc.) by a second complex, one expressing the basic idea of (b) *‘repetition, reiteration, returning, circularity’ (see [v2] > [v3],[v4], ?[v6], ?[v13]); a third complex has to do with (c) a *‘cord’, or ‘rope’, and/or ‘knitting’ (see [v7], ?>[v6], ?[v8],[v11]). The other values seem to be either loanwords ([v5], [v10]) or variants of words with initial ǧ- (so perh. also (a)) or of items that generally are ascribed to √KRW, √KRW/Y, or √KRY (see, e.g., [v9], ?[v13]), or are of obscure etymology (if reliably attested at all) (see [v12]). ▪ [v1] : The sound of a ‘rattle in the throat’ is not only expressed by ¹karra but also by the reduplicated stem ↗²karkara (also ‘to rumble’, said of the stomach, and ‘to murmur’, said of running water); as onomatopoetic imitations of a certain type of sounds, ¹karra and ²karkara are also close to ↗ǧarǧara ‘to gargle, rumble, clatter’ and ↗ġarġara ‘to gargle, gurgle, simmer, bubble’. With such meanings, the root is attested in Ar and EthSem (see DRS #KRR-9) and classified by Leslau among roots expressing « la voix ».1 ▪ [v2] : If DRS (#KRR-1) is right, this value, too, has cognates only in EthSem where the Ar meaning ‘revenir sur ses pas, revenir à la charge’ (cf. also Tham kr ‘ramener, revenir’) is paralleled by the notions of ‘rouler (vers le bas)’ (Te kärara), ‘être rond’ (Tña kärärä), and ‘échafauder, mettre l’un sur l’autre’ (Amh kʷärrärä). DRS thinks that ²karra etc. « est une forme qui appartient aux usages oraux » and that it prob. is a var. of items usually grouped under ↗KRW or ↗KWR. This might be true especially for Ar kurraẗ ‘ball’ (Te korit ‘balle’, Amh kʷärät ‘caillou’) which usually appears as ↗kuraẗ ‘id.’ and is grouped s.r. ↗KRW. ▪ [v3] ‘to clarify, purify, refine’: As a D-stem, karrara has as its basic meaning the caus. ‘to make come back, repeat, reiterate’, from [v2] ²karra ‘to come back, return’, thus particularly describing processes of clarifying through repeated filtering etc. In MSA, the item is mainly used in connection with oil (or water, sugar, etc.) refinery. ▪ [v4] : The value ‘hundred thousand’ (found only in WehrCowan, thus prob. peculiar to MSA as a rather recent development) seems to be based on the notion of *‘repetition’, thus dependent on [v2]. Nevertheless it is strange to observe that karraẗ, which usually only means ‘one time, once’ also can take value [v4]. One may imagine a development via adverbial use in karraẗᵃⁿ ‘one time, once’: *‘… > repeatedly > often > very frequently > [exaggerating] many many times > a hundred thousand times > a hundred thousand’. ▪ [v5] : loanword; the var. kalār leads to the etymon, modGrk kellári ‘pantry, storeroom; cellar’ (so also BadawiHinds1986). ▪ [v6] : WehrCowan1976 lists an EgAr word spelt kurrāriyyaẗ (with rrār ) meaning ‘spool, bobbin, reel’, which fits very nicely the meaning the vb. I karr (u, vn. karr, kararān) has in EgAr, namely ‘to unravel, unwind’ (BadawiHinds1986).2
These values look as if they could be related either to [v2] ‘to return, come back, repeat’ (implying a circular movement)3
or, perh. even more likely, to †[v7] ‘rope, cable, cord’ (where it could be a nsb-formation based on the pl. kirār, with ki- > ka and an original meaning of *‘thing belonging to the ropes/cables/cords’). In contrast, BadawiHinds1986 also registered an EgAr kurā̆riyyaẗ (with rā̆r ) meaning ‘ball (of string, wool etc.)’. The latter meaning combines that of ‘roundness’ with that of ‘spooling, winding, etc.’ ▪ †[v7] : If ClassAr †²karr (pl. kurūr, ? ʔakrār, kirār) ‘rope, cable (for ascending the palm-tree) | rope used as a ladder’ and †³karr (pl. ʔakrār) ‘cord, thong which holds together the two extremities of the camel’s saddle | cable’ has cognates in Sem at all, then (according to DRS #KRR-10) perh. only in Amh kärrärä ‘to become hard, stiff; be tense, tight, taut’ and/or Amh Arg kərar ‘lyre with 5-6 strings’. As these are far from obvious and rather doubtful, †²karr may in fact be a development peculiar to Ar. Within Ar, however, it seems to be related to [v6] which, with EgAr kurrāriyyaẗ ‘spool, bobbin, reel’ and the corresponding vb., EgAr karr ‘to unravel, unwind’, has items that seem semantically close to ‘rope, cable’. – As ropes or cables are produced by twisting several strings into one, there might also be a distant connection to items showing reduplication of a 2-rad. root nucleus, such as †⁴karkara ‘to collect, pile up, heap up, blow into a ball (wind the clouds)’, †⁵karkara ‘to squash, grind’, etc. (see ↗†KRKR_4), a notion that is also found in Amh kʷärrärä ‘to scaffold, put one over the other’ (see below, section COGN, DRS #KRR-1). Cf. also the next two items, †[v8] ‘carpet, mat’ and †[v9] ‘cistern, subterranean reservoir’. ▪ †[v8] : If the attestation of †⁴karr as ‘carpet, mat’ in Hava1899 is reliable, the value may be related, like †[v7] and †[v9], to the basic idea of *‘collecting, piling up, heaping up, amassing’. But this is highly speculative. No cognates listed in DRS. ▪ †[v9] : †¹kurr is reliably attested in several dictionaries as ‘cistern, subterranean reservoir | well | terrain un peu encaissé, creux dans le sable où l’eau demeure stagnante; puits; vivier’, but does not seem to have direct cognates in Sem. The initial description quoted in BK1860 – ‘terrain un peu encaissé, creux … où l’eau demeure stagnante’ – could hint to a connection either with ↗karā/à ‘to dig’ (√KRW/Y) or with the basic idea of *‘collecting, amassing’ encountered also in values †[v7] ‘rope, cable, cord’ and †[v8] ‘carpet, mat’, perh. also in [v6] ‘spool, bobbin, reel’. ▪ †[v10] : According to Fraenkel1886: 207, the Ar word for a ‘dry measure equal to 60 qafīz or 6 ass-loads’ (DRS: « en usage en Iraq ») is from Aram kōrā, Hbr kōr ‘(a measure, usually dry)’, which, according to Zimmern1914, goes back to Akk kurru ‘ein Getreidemaß’4
(»wohl < Sum gur«).5
According to some scholars, the Hbr/Aram word was borrowed also into Grk as kóros ‘name of a measure of capacity for grain, flour, etc. (Beekes2016) | Maß von 6 attischen Medimnen (Gmoll1965)’; see also BDB1906.6
– DRS distinguishes this value (given as #KRR-7) from another one with the value ‘ass foal (Ar, YemAr), 6-year-old horse (MġrAr)’ (given as #KRR-8), assuming that †²ᵃkurr is from Aram kōrā ~ Hbr kōr while †²ᵇkurr ‘ass foal’ might be (as with Dozy thinks) from Pers ḫar ‘ass’. ▪ †[v11] : †³kurr is registered in WKAS also as the word for ‘a kind of stuff, coarse linen’. The reference is with all probability reliable, though the value is not among those listed in DRS. Etymology obscure. The value that comes closest to †³kurr in DRS would be #KRR-11, with Akk karr indicating a ‘vêtement de deuil | ragged or dirty piece of apparel worn as a sign of mourning (CAD)’. ▪ †[v12] : The value ‘(burnt) camel’s dung into which coats of mail are put for protection against rust’ for the n.f. †kurraẗ is given in WKAS and thus prob. reliably attested. But its etymology remains obscure. ▪ †[v13] ‘cowrie used as an amulet’: †kirār (Hava1899) ~ †karār (BK1860). – Ullmann (WKAS I 1970) lists the item as karāri and analyses it as a »concretized imperative ‘Bringback, one who brings back’, designation of a pearl, shell used as a love-charm in the spell yā karāri kurrī hi ʔin ʔadbara fa-ruddī hi«, quoted in BK1860 in a slightly extended version, as yā karāri kurrī-hi wa-yā hamraẗu ’hmirī-hi ʔin ʔaqbala fa-surrī-hi wa-ʔin ʔadbara fa-ḍurrī-hi ‘Ô boule! ramène-le; ô boule! amène-le; s’il vient, réjouis-le, et s’il se détourne, fais-lui du mal’. Ullmann’s reading suggests a derivation from [v2] ²karra ‘to (make) return, come back, etc.’, while de Biberstein Kazimirski (with his ‘ô boule!’) seems to see a connection rather with ↗kuraẗ ‘ball’. ▪ …
▪ DRS #KRR-1 Ar karra ‘revenir sur ses pas, revenir à la charge’, karrara ‘répéter, réitérer’, Tham kr ‘ramener, revenir’, MġrAr karrar ‘répéter une leçon, repasser le Coran dans une recitation ininterrompue’, Sab kr ‘répéter (une action)’1
; Te kärara ‘rouler (vers le bas)’, Tña kärärä ‘être rond’, Amh kʷärrärä ‘échafauder, mettre l’un sur l’autre’. - Ar kurraẗ, Te korit ‘balle’, Amh kʷärät ‘caillou’.2
-2 Te kärra ‘couvrir, tirer un rideau’. -3 Akk kerr-, kirr- ‘clavicule (et la région autour)’, Syr kᵊrā ‘articulation de l’épaule’, Arg kərra ‘bras, coude’, Har kuruʔ ‘coudée’, Gur kərrä ‘bras, coude’. -4 Akk kirr-, Ug kr ‘bélier’, Hbr kar ‘(jeune) bélier’. -5 ‘prairie, pâturage’; ? Akk kirū ‘verger’. -6 Hbr kar ‘bât (de chameau)’. -7 Hbr kor, Aram kōrā : mesure de capacité (pour les choses sèches), Ar kurr : mesure en usage en Iraq. -8 Ar kurr, YemAr karrūt ‘ânon’, MġrAr kārər ‘cheval de 6 ans’. -9 Ar karra ‘faire entendre un râle’, Te kərir bela ‘dire des inepties’, Tña kärärä ‘se mettre à chanter’, kärari ‘soliste’, Amh (an)kʷarrärä ‘parler d‘une voix forte’, Har kärära ‘bavarder sans arrêt’, Gur ənkʷarrärä ‘ronfler’. -10 Ar karr ‘corde (par exemple pour monter sur les palmiers)’, ? Amh kärrärä ‘se raidir, se racornir ; être tendu, serré (par exemple : lacet)’. - ? Amh Arg kərar : lyre à 5 ou 6 cordes. -11 Akk karr‑ : vêtement de deuil. ‑12kār‑ ‘quai, port’. -13 YemAr karūr : sorte de pâtisserie. ▪ …
▪ The sound of a ‘rattle in the throat’ is not only expressed by ¹karra but also by the reduplicated stem ↗²karkara (also ‘to rumble’, said of the stomach, and ‘to murmur’, said of running water); as onomatopoetic imitations of a certain type of sounds, ¹karra and ²karkara are also close to ↗ǧarǧara ‘to gargle, rumble, clatter’ and ↗ġarġara ‘to gargle, gurgle, simmer, bubble’. With such meanings, the root is attested in Ar and EthSem (see DRS #KRR-9) and classified by Leslau among roots expressing « la voix ».7 ▪ Is this value somehow related to that of ↗KRː (KRR)_2 ‘returning, repetition’, given the repetitive notion in the vibrations of rattling, rumbling, murmuring, etc.? ▪ …
▪ DRS #KRR-1-8 […]. -9 Ar karra ‘faire entendre un râle’, Te kərir bela ‘dire des inepties’, Tña kärärä ‘se mettre à chanter’, kärari ‘soliste’, Amh (an)kʷarrärä ‘parler d‘une voix forte’, Har kärära ‘bavarder sans arrêt’, Gur ənkʷarrärä ‘ronfler’. -10-13 […]. ▪ …
▪ See above, section CONC. ▪ …
–
►karīr, n., rattle in the throat: vn. I For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗²karra, ↗karrara, ↗karraẗ, ↗karār, and ↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRː (KRR). – Cf. also ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, ↗KRW/Y, and ↗KRY.
²karr- / karar- كَرَّ/كَرَرْـ , u (karr, kurūr, takrār)
1 to turn around and attack (ʕalà s.o., s.th.); 2 to return, come back, recur; 3 to withdraw, retreat, fall back; 4 to attack (ʕalà), bear down (ʕalà upon) – WehrCowan1976
▪ If DRS (#KRR-1) is right, the value has cognates only in EthSem where the Ar meaning ‘revenir sur ses pas, revenir à la charge’ (cf. also Tham kr ‘ramener, revenir’) is paralleled by the notions of ‘rouler (vers le bas)’ (Te kärara), ‘être rond’ (Tña kärärä), and ‘échafauder, mettre l’un sur l’autre’ (Amh kʷärrärä). DRS thinks that ²karra etc. « est une forme qui appartient aux usages oraux » and that it prob. is a var. of items usually grouped under ↗KRW or ↗KWR. This might be true especially for Ar kurraẗ ‘ball’ (Te korit ‘balle’, Amh kʷärät ‘caillou’) which usually appears as ↗kuraẗ ‘id.’ and is grouped s.r. ↗KRW. ▪ The value of *‘ returning, repetition, reiteration, circularity’ etc. is the chief value attached to ↗√KRː (KRR). This basic notion may also be underlying the two other basic semantic complexes attached to the root, namely (a) *‘rattling in the throat’ (↗†¹karra), and (b) *‘cord’, or ‘rope’ (†²karr) and/or ‘knitting’ (†⁴karr ‘carpet, mat’), the common denominator being repetitivity (in the sound of rattling, murmuring, rumbling, etc., as well as in the way ropes are twisted or carpets knitted). ▪ Clearly based on ²karra ‘to come back, return’ is the D-stem ↗karrara. Its value ‘to clarify, purify, refine’ has developed from the basic caus. meaning ‘to make come back, repeat, reiterate’, describing particularly processes of clarifying through repeated filtering etc. (oil, water, sugar, etc.). ▪ See also below, section DISC. ▪ …
▪ †makarr1 ‘return; making to attack’: vn. I; 2 ‘place of attack, battle-field’: n.loc.; †mikarr ‘violent in attacking, eager to attack’ – WKAS I 1970. ▪ …
▪ DRS #KRR-1 Ar karra ‘revenir sur ses pas, revenir à la charge’, karrara ‘répéter, réitérer’, Tham kr ‘ramener, revenir’, MġrAr karrar ‘répéter une leçon, repasser le Coran dans une recitation ininterrompue’, Sab kr ‘répéter (une action)’3
; Te kärara ‘rouler (vers le bas)’, Tña kärärä ‘être rond’, Amh kʷärrärä ‘échafauder, mettre l’un sur l’autre’. - Ar kurraẗ, Te korit ‘balle’, Amh kʷärät ‘caillou’.4
-2-8 […]. -9 Ar karra ‘faire entendre un râle’, Te kərir bela ‘dire des inepties’, Tña kärärä ‘se mettre à chanter’, kärari ‘soliste’, Amh (an)kʷarrärä ‘parler d‘une voix forte’, Har kärära ‘bavarder sans arrêt’, Gur ənkʷarrärä ‘ronfler’. -10 Ar karr ‘corde (par exemple pour monter sur les palmiers)’, ? Amh kärrärä ‘se raidir, se racornir ; être tendu, serré (par exemple : lacet)’. - ? Amh Arg kərar : lyre à 5 ou 6 cordes. -11 Akk karr‑ : vêtement de deuil. ‑12-13 […]. ▪ …
▪ See above, section CONC. ▪ Related to ‘returning, coming back, repetition’ may also be EgAr ↗kurrāriyyaẗ ~ kurā̆riyyaẗ ‘spool, bobbin, reel’ and perh. even †¹kurr ‘cistern, subterranean reservoir | terrain un peu encaissé, creux dans le sable où l’eau demeure stagnante; puits; vivier’, cf. ↗†KRː (KRR)_9. ▪ The obsol. †kirār (Hava1899) ~ karār (BK1860) ‘cowrie used as an amulet’ is given by Ullmann (WKAS I 1970) as karāri and analysed as a »concretized imperative ‘Bringback, one who brings back’, designation of a pearl, shell used as a love-charm in the spell yā karāri kurrī hi ʔin ʔadbara fa-ruddī hi«,1
which suggests a derivation from ²karra ‘to (make) return, come back, etc.’. ▪ …
►BP#2635karrara, vb. II, 1a to repeat, reiterate, do again, do repeatedly; b to pose over and over again (a question, ʕalà to s.o.), ask (ʕalà s.o.) repeatedly (a question); 2a to rectify, purify; b to clarify, filter; c to refine (sugar, etc.): D-stem, caus. (and fig. use); see also s.v. ►BP#2489takarrara, vb. V, 1 to be repeated, be reiterated, recur; 2 to be rectified, be purified, be refined: tD-stem, quasi-pass. of vb. II ►¹karr, n., attack, charge: vn. I | al-karr wa’l-farr, attack and retreat (in battle); bayna karr wa-farr, adv., alternately, intermittently, by fits and starts, by jerks; ʕalà karr al-duhūr\al-zaman, adv., in the course of time ►karraẗ, n.f., 1 attack; 2 return, comeback, recurrence; – 3 (pl. ‑āt) one time ( = ↗marraẗ); 4 a hundred thousand: n.vic. | karraẗᵃⁿ, adv., 1 once; 2 sometimes, at times; 3 at a time; karraẗᵃⁿ ʔuḫrà, adv., a second time, once more; karraẗᵃⁿ baʕdᵃ karraẗ, adv., repeatedly, time and again ►karār, n., see ↗s.v. ►kurūr, n., 1 return, comeback, recurrence; 2 succession, sequence, order: vn. I ►EgAr ku(r)rāriyyaẗ, n.f.,pl. ‑āt, spool, bobbin, reel: nominalized nsb-adj., lit. *‘returner, belonging to the act of unwinding, unraveling’?; see also s.v. ►makarr, pl. ‑āt, n., reel: n.instr., see also ↗ku(r)rāriyyaẗ ►takrīr, n., 1 repetition, reiteration; 2a clarification, rectification, purification, refinement; b refining: vn. II | maʕmal takrīr al-sukkar, sugar refinery ►BP#2628takrār, n., repetition, reiteration: vn. I/II | takrārᵃⁿ, adv., repeatedly, frequently, quite often; mirārᵃⁿ wa-takrārᵃⁿ, adv., repeatedly, time and again ►mukarrar, adj., 1a repeated, reiterated; b following twice (number), bis (after a number); c a multiple; 2 rectified, purified, refined: PP II | sukkar mukarrar, refined sugar; ṣ. 37 mukarrar, page 37b ►BP#2829mutakarrir, adj., 1 recurring, recurrent, reiterated, reiterative; 2 repeated, frequent: PA V. For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗¹karra, ↗karrara, ↗karraẗ, ↗karār, and ↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRː (KRR). – Cf. also ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, ↗KRW/Y, and ↗KRY.
1a to repeat, reiterate, do again, do repeatedly; b to pose over and over again (a question, ʕalà to s.o.), ask (ʕalà s.o.) repeatedly (a question); 2a to rectify, purify; b to clarify, filter; c to refine (sugar, etc.) – WehrCowan1976
▪ [v1] : ↗²karra ‘to turn around and attack; to return, come back, recur; one time’ ▪ [v2a-c] : As a D-stem, karrara has as its basic meaning the caus. ‘to make come back, repeat, reiterate’, from ↗²karra ‘to come back, return’, thus particularly describing processes of clarifying through repeated filtering etc. In MSA, the item is mainly used in connection with oil (or water, sugar, etc.) refinery. ▪ …
▪ …
▪ ↗²karra. ▪ …
▪ See above, section CONC. ▪ …
–
►BP#2489takarrara, vb. V, 1 to be repeated, be reiterated, recur; 2 to be rectified, be purified, be refined: tD-stem, quasi-pass. of vb. II ►takrīr, n., 1 ↗²karra; 2a clarification, rectification, purification, refinement; 2brefining: vn. II | maʕmal takrīr al-sukkar, sugar refinery ►mukarrar, adj., 1 ↗²karra; 2 rectified, purified, refined: PP II | sukkar mukarrar, refined sugar For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗¹karra, ↗²karra, ↗karraẗ, ↗karār, and ↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRː (KRR). – Cf. also ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, ↗KRW/Y, and ↗KRY.
1 attack; 2 return, comeback, recurrence; – 3 (pl. ‑āt) one time ( = ↗marraẗ); 4 a hundred thousand – WehrCowan1976
▪ [gnrl] : n.vic. of ↗²karra ‘to turn around and attack; to return, come back, recur; to withdraw, retreat, fall back; to attack, bear down (ʕalà upon)’. ▪ [v3] is originally *‘one instant of returning, one recurrence’, hence ‘once’. ▪ [v4] probably developed from adverbial use of [v3]: *‘once > every now and then > often > very frequently > [exaggerating] many many times > a hundred thousand times > a hundred thousand’. ▪ …
▪ eC7karraẗ (turn, another chance, another time; assailment, overrunning an enemy) Q 17:6 ṯumma radadnā la-kum-u ’l-karraẗa ʕalay-him ‘then we returned the scales and allowed you a turn against them [lit., then We gave back the turn to you against them]’. ▪ …
▪ ↗²karra ▪ …
▪ See above, section CONC. ▪ …
–
►karraẗᵃⁿ, adv., 1 once; 2 sometimes, at times; 3 at a time ►karraẗᵃⁿ ʔuḫrà, adv., a second time, once more; ►karraẗᵃⁿ baʕdᵃ karraẗ, adv., repeatedly, time and again For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗¹karra, ↗²karra, ↗karrara, ↗karār, and ↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRː (KRR). – Cf. also ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, ↗KRW/Y, and ↗KRY.
▪ ? nominalized nsb-adj., lit. *‘returner, belonging to the act of unwinding, unraveling’ (cf. also the n.instr. makarr ‘reel’ which clearly is from ↗²karra), or based on ClassAr †²karr ‘rope, cable’ and/or †³karr ‘cord, thong’ ? In any case, the word seems to be dependent, in one way or other, on ↗²karra ‘to return’ (incl. ↗karrara ‘to repeat’, ↗karraẗ ‘one time’, and other related items). – See below, section DISC. ▪ …
▪ …
▪ ↗²karra ▪ …
▪ WehrCowan1976 lists a (specifically EgAr) word meaning ‘spool, bobbin, reel’ as kurrāriyyaẗ (with -rrār-), while the (obviously same) word is spelt kurā̆riyyaẗ (with -rā̆r-) and said to mean ‘ball (of string, wool etc.)’ in BadawiHinds1986. The value ‘spool, bobbin, reel’ fits very nicely the meaning ‘to unravel, unwind’ given for the EgAr vb. I karr (u, vn. karr, kararān) in BadawiHinds1986.2
‘Spool, bobbin, reel’ and ‘to unravel, unwind’ look as if they could be related either to ↗²karra ‘to return, come back, repeat’ (implying a circular movement, as also seems to be the case in the n.instr. makarr ‘reel’ which is s.th. like a fuṣḥà parallel to EgAr kur(r)āriyyaẗ)3
or, perh. even more likely, to the obsol. †²karr (pl. kurūr, ? ʔakrār, kirār) ‘rope, cable (for ascending the palm-tree) | rope used as a ladder’ and/or †³karr (pl. ʔakrār) ‘cord, thong which holds together the two extremities of the camel’s saddle | cable’. – In contrast, the value ‘ball (of string, wool etc.)’ given in BadawiHinds1986 for EgAr kurā̆riyyaẗ (with rā̆r ) may also point in the direction of the reduplicated 2-rad. root †⁴karkara ‘to collect, pile up, heap up, blow into a ball (wind the clouds)’ (see ↗†KRKR_4), and ↗kuraẗ ‘ball’ in general (a notion, though, that one may also sense in ‘rope, cable, cord’ as well as in †‘carpet, mat’ and †‘cistern, subterranean reservoir’, see root entry ↗KRː (KRR), due to the folding, scaffolding, twisting, heaping up, gathering, etc. implied in these items). ▪ Cf. also the obsol. ClassAr †karāri ‘cowrie used as an amulet’, analyzed by Ullmann (WKAS I 1970) as a »concretized imperative ‘Bringback, one who brings back’, designation of a pearl, shell used as a love-charm in the spell yā karāri kurrī hi ʔin ʔadbara fa-ruddī hi«, based on ↗²karra ‘to (make) return, come back, etc.’. BK1860 quotes the same spell in a slightly longer version, translating the initial yā karāri as ‘ô boule!’, thus insinuation a connection with ↗kuraẗ ‘ball’. ▪ …
►makarr, pl. ‑āt, n., reel: n.instr., from ↗²karra. For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗¹karra, ↗²karra, ↗karrara, ↗karraẗ, and ↗karār, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRː (KRR). – Cf. also ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, ↗KRW/Y, and ↗KRY.
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