Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ^†ʔYR_4 ‘cotton’: ^†ʔīr (Wahrm.)
▪ ^†ʔYR_5 ‘eireh/eyré, blouse worn by waiters, grooms, housemaids etc. in Egypt’: ^†ʔayraẗ (Dozy)
▪ ^†ʔYR_6 ‘air’: ^†ʔiyār
▪ ^†ʔYR_7 ^†ʔayr, var. ʔīr ‘north wind, east wind, hot wind’ (Wahrm.; Hava)
▪ ^†ʔYR_8 ‘aes, orichalcum | brass’: ^†ʔayār (Freytag, Wahrm.)
▪ ^†ʔYR_ ‘…’: ^†ʔyr

conc

▪ [v1] : Although ʔayr looks like an old word for ‘penis’, it has no direct cognates in Sem. Given that Akk ayaru (āru) ‘young man’ may be a loan (with *ʕ > ʔ) from WSem (so von Soden, AHW 25; cf. Ar ↗ʕayyār ‘vagabond, vagrant’, from ↗ʕāra ‘to wander, stray, rove’, Hbr ʕYR ‘to go away, go hither and thither, etc.’), a similar relation to the same ʕayyār is not inconceivable (considered also by the authors of DRS), especially so since the ʕayyārūn, who were »paramilitary chivalric bands that constituted an important element in premodern Islamic society, primarily in the pre-Mongol Middle East (the Mashriq) and the eastern Iranian lands«,¹ were always associated with masculinity. – ? Cf. also ^†ʔār ‘shame’ (for ʕār ‘id.’), see ↗^†ʔWR_3 ?
▪ [v2] : The Levantine word for ‘May’, ʔayyār, is possibly a borrowing into WSem from Akk ayyaru where it (according to von Soden, AHW) may have meant the ‘month of the flowers’ (cf. below, section COGN, DRS items #5 and #6). – Any relation to the notion of ‘light, heat, fire’ (↗ʔWR, esp. Ar ↗ʔuwār)?
▪ [v3] : See ↗ʔWR
▪ ^†[v4] : ^†ʔīr ‘cotton’ is found only in Wahrmund; of obscure provenance (if a valid attestation at all), perh. related to the ‘blouse’ of ^†[v5]?
▪ ^†[v5] : Is the word eireh/eyré (Dozy: ^†ʔayraẗ), attested as the term used for a blouse worn by waiters, grooms, housemaids etc. in Egypt, related to ^†[v4] ʔīr ‘cotton’ (recorded only by Wahrmund)?
▪ ^†[v6] : ^†ʔiyār ‘aura, aër | air’ seems to be borrowed from Grk ἀήρ a͗ḗr ‘air, atmosphere’.
▪ ^†[v7] : Hava1899 suggests that ^†ʔayr ~ ʔīr for ‘north wind, east wind, hot wind’ is a variant of ↗hayr (also hīr, hayyir) ‘id.’. But the reverse may be the case, and both may go back to the same etymon as ^†[v6], namely Grk a͗ḗr. – Cf., however, Freytag1830 where ‘eurus’ also corresponds to Ar ^†ʔayūr ~ ʔawūr, forms that are less likely to be from Grk a͗ḗr but rather from Εὖρος Eûros ‘(God of the) (south)east wind’.
▪ ^†[v8] : of obscure origin (if valid at all).
▪ …

1. D. Tor, art. »ʕayyār«, in ³EI.

hist

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cogn

▪ DRS 1 (1994) ʔYR-1 Ar ʔayr ‘penis, verge’. -2 Akk ayyar‑ (et āru?) ‘jeune homme’. -3 Ar ʔīr ‘parcelles, brins’. -4 Syr ʔīrā ‘pot, marmite’. -5 Akk ayyar-, iyar- ‘fleur, rosette’, ayyart- ‘corail blanc’. -6 *ʔayyar-: nom de mois (environ ‘mai’) : Akk ayyar-, JudPalAram ʔiyyār, Nab ʔyr, Mnd ayar, Ar ʔayyārᵘ.
▪ …

disc

▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ …

west

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deriv

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