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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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ṯurayyā ثُرَيَّا (pl. -āt)
meta
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 5Feb2023
√ṮRW/Y

== FOR SORAYA ==
gram
n.f.
engl
1 Pleiades; 2 (also ṯariyyaẗ), pl. ṯurayyāt, chandelier – WehrCowan1976
conc
▪ (following BK1860:) ṯurayyā as a term for the cluster of stars in the constellation of Taurus known as the Pleiades, or the Seven Sisters, is a dimin. of ṯarwà, f. of ṯarwān ‘opulent’, ints. formation in ‑ān, from ṯarīy ‘numerous (troops, property, etc.); rich, wealthy (man)’, from ↗ṯarā ‘to be numerous’. Thus, the literal meaning is *‘the little cluster, the small group of the many (stars)’.
▪ In the Persian-speaking world, the Ar word was, and is still, used as a personal name. In the transliterated spelling, Soraya, the name has become popular also in the West (see below, section WEST).
▪ …
hist
▪ …
cogn
▪ ↗ṯariya.
▪ (Gz tərəyā ‘constellation of stars’ and ṭarāw ‘constellation’ are from Ar ṯurayyā – Leslau2006.)
▪ …
disc
▪ Another indigenous Ar explanation of the term ṯurayyā would be the beneficial ‘riches’, ṯarāʔ, brought about by the rain that often accompanies the rising of the Pleiades above the horizon at morning dawn – J. Ruska, art. »Süreyyâ / al-S̱urayyā«, in ¹EIᵀᵘ.
▪ The Ar name for the Pleiades can help to clarify the etymology of the Grk term Pleiádes. While this term is often explained as deriving from pleîn (1sg.prs plé-ō) ‘to sail’ (because of the cluster’s importance in delimiting the sailing season in the Mediterranean), it is more likely (given the evidence of Ar ṯurayyā being based on the notion of ‘plentitude’) that Pleiádes is coined from Grk pleîos ~ pléos ‘full’1 – J. Ruska, art. »Süreyyâ / al-S̱urayyā«, in ¹EIᵀᵘ.
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1. < IE *pleh‑ ‘full’ – Beekes2016.
west
▪ Tu süreyya: [Şeyhoğlu, Marzubānnāme terc., 1380] bir ulu ağaç varıdı, sanadıŋ kökleri taḥte 's̠-s̠erāye [toprağın altına] irmiş ve budakları s̠üreyyāya ağmışdı; [Ahterî-i Kebir, 1545] s̱üreyyā = Ülker dedikleri altı yıldız ki ikişer ikişer birbiriniñ muḳābelesinde olur – Nişanyan_3Jul2021
▪ As a personal name, Soraya is also popular in Europe due to its association with Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari, the second wife of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran (en.wiki/Soraya; for prominent holders of the name, cf. ibid.).
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deriv
For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗ṯariya (incl. ↗ṯarwaẗ), as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗√ṮRW/Y. – Cf. also ↗ṯaràⁿ (↗√ṮRY)
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