Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤRŚ-1 Ar ḥariša ‘être rugueux, rude au toucher’, ʔaḥraš ‘rugueux’ (without direct cognates in Sem).
▪ ? Cf. also DRS 9 (2010)#Ḥ/ḪRŚ-1 Hbr ḥäräš ‘démangeaison, gale’, Syr ḥarsā ‘irritation des paupières’, Ar ḥarš ‘marque, trace, aspérité’, ḥaraša, ḫaraša ‘griffer avec les ongles’, ḫaraša ‘gratter’, naḥwariš, naḫwariš ‘qui gratte beaucoup avec les griffes (chien)’, ḥarraša ‘exciter les uns contre les autres’, taḫāraša ‘s’exciter les uns contre les autres’, Mhr ḥōrəś, Jib oḥōrś ‘créer de l’agitation (contre qn)’, Ḥrs ḥārəś ‘raconter des choses contre qn’.

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▪ In DRS, the complex represented by Ar ḥariša ‘to be rough’ and ʔaḥraš ‘rough, coarse’ does not seem to have any cognates in Sem. The hypothetical Sem root *ḤRŚ under which it is grouped, reappears in a lemma in which R₁ oscillates between *Ḥ- and *Ḫ-. This is why ‘(to be/come) rough, coarse’ in DRS is separated from ‘to scratch; to instigate, provoke, sew discord’ (↗ḥaraša), although the two values may be related (‘roughness’ being a result of ‘scratching’, or ‘scratching’ so called after its association with the ‘roughness’ it produces), cf. ↗ḤRŠ.
▪ Should also ↗ḥurš ~ ḥirš ‘forest, wood(s)’ and ^† ḥarīš ‘rhinoceros’ be connected to this root? The value ‘forest, woods’ goes back to an original *‘mountainous region’—a “rough” surface of the landscape, so to speak; and the morphology of ḥarīš, which follows the faʕīl pattern typical of adj.s (cf. kabīr, ṣaġīr, ǧamīl, etc.), suggests that ‘rhinoceros’ originally is *‘the rough one’ or *‘the one who scratches a lot’.

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► ḥaraš, ḥuršaẗ, ḥarāšaẗ, n.f., roughness, coarseness, scabrousness: vn. of an obsol. vb. I ^†ḥariša.
► ʔaḥrašᵘ, adj., rough, coarse, scabrous: ʔafʕal adj. (for colours, physical handicaps, etc.).

NB: According to DRS 9 (2010), the following items do not belong to the Sem *ḤRŚ reflected in Ar ḥariš ‘rough, coarse, scabrous’ but rather form a complex of their own (grouped in DRS s.v. Ḥ/ḪRŚ), developed from the central idea of ‘to scratch’ (cf. ↗ḥaraša and, for the whole picture, ↗ḤRŠ, and section DISC above).

► ḥaraša, i (ḥarš), vb. I, to scratch: related to ḥariš ?
► ḥarraša, vb. II, to instigate, prod, incite, provoke, incense; to set (bayn people against each other), sow discord, dissension (bayn among): D-stem, ints. of vb. I, ḥaraša.
► taḥarraša, vb. V, to pick a quarrel, start a brawl (bi‑ with s.o.), provoke (bi‑ s.o.): tD-stem, intr. of II.
► taḥrīš, n., instigation, prodding, incitement, provocation, agitation, incensement: vn. II.
► taḥarruš, n., provocation, importunity, obtrusion, meddling, uncalled-for interference; sexual harrassment: vn. V. | ‑āt, n.pl., trespasses, encroachments.

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