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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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ṭaḥan‑ طَحَنَ , a (ṭaḥn)
meta
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ṬḤN
gram
vb., I
engl
1 to grind, mill, bray, pulverize s.th. (esp. grain); 2 to crush, ruin, destroy; 3 to wear out, wear down, exact a heavy toll (of s.o.; age, years) – WehrCowan1976.
conc
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#2455: from protSem *ṭ˅ḥan‑ ‘to grind corn, pound’ < AfrAs *ṭaḥan‑ ‘to grind, forge’.
▪ …
hist
▪ …
cogn
▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘to grind’) Akk iṭēn, Hbr ṭḥn a (a), Syr ṭḥn e (a), Gz (ṭeḥn ‘Gerstenmahl’).
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#2455: Hbr ṭḥn, Jib ṭaḥan, Soq ṭaḥan, Ḥrs ṭeḥān, Mhr ṭeḥān, Šḥr ṭḥān ). – Outside Sem: verbs ten ‘to press down’ and toni ‘to forge’ in some WCh languages.
disc
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#2455: protSem *ṭ˅ḥan‑ ‘to grind corn, pound’, protWCh *ṭaHan‑ ‘to press down, forge’, both from hypothetical AfrAs *ṭaḥan‑ ‘to grind, forge’.
west
▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl tahini, from Ar ṭaḥīnaẗ ‘tahini’, from ṭaḥīn ‘flour’, from ṭaḥana ‘to grind’.
deriv
►taṭāḥana, vb. VI, to quarrel, wrangle, be antagonistic, be in conflict, to conflict: Lt-stem, recipr.

►ṭiḥn, n., flour, meal
►ṭaḥīn, n., flour, meal: quasi‑PP
►ṭaḥīnī, adj., mealy, farinaceous: nisba formation from ṭaḥīn.
► EgAr ṭaḥīniyyaẗ, n.f., a sweet made of sesam‑seed meal and sugar
► EgAr, SyrAr ṭaḥīnaẗ, n.f., a thick sauce made of sesame oil, and served with salads, vegetables, etc.: f. formation from ṭaḥīn to signify a certain product.
►ṭaḥḥān, n., miller: ints., n.prof.
►ṭāḥūn, n., and ṭāḥūnaẗ, pl. ṭawāḥīnᵘ, n.f., mill, grinder | ṭāḥūnaẗ al‑hawà, n.f., windmill
►miṭḥanaẗ, pl. maṭāḥinᵘ, n.f., grinder: n.instr.
►maṭḥanaẗ, pl. maṭāḥinᵘ, n.f., mill; flour mill: n.loc.
►ṭāḥin, n., and ṭāḥinaẗ, pl. ṭawāḥinᵘ, n.f., molar tooth, grinder: can be interpreted as PA I, ‘the grinding one’. However, given WCh forms like təγn‑, tin, tiyim, udini, dīne, ṭīno, dīna, all meaning ‘tooth’, Orel&Stolbova1994 (no. 2456) reconstruct WCh *ṭ˅ḥin‑ and parallel it with Sem *ṭāḥin‑ ‘molar’ (based on only the Ar evidence). From the Sem and WCh parallels they deduce AfrAs *ṭaḥin‑ ‘tooth’, adding that this separate item is connected with #2455 AfrAs *ṭaḥan‑ ‘to grind, forge’.
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