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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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ĭrtaǧal‑ اِرْتَجَلَ , ‑rtaǧil‑ (ĭrtiǧāl)
meta
ID – • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 3Apr2023
√RǦL
gram
vb., VIII
engl
to improvise, extemporize, deliver offhand (a speech) – WehrCowan1976
conc
▪ Like many other items in the root, the Gt-stem ĭrtaǧala is, with all likelihood, a development from ↗†RǦL_8 ‘to let/set free, (suckling) set free with its mother’, itself prob. based on ↗¹riǧl ‘foot’. The chain of semantic extension may be imagined as follows: *‘foot > newly born (foal etc.), managing/strong enough to stand on its own feet and to run around freely > (fig.) to let words or a melody come out freely, spontaneously’.
▪ With this underlying idea, ĭrtaǧala is akin to ↗²riǧl ‘swarm (esp. of locusts)’, ↗³riǧl ‘common purslane’ (< *‘≈ curly hair, spreading freely/uncontrollably’), ↗raǧǧala ‘to let (hair) fall down freely (> to comb)’.
▪ Derivation from ↗raǧul ‘man’ – improvisation as proof of ‘manliness, manly virtue’ – looks less likely, though perh. not impossible, cf. DaṯAr (Dt-stem) taraǧǧal »‘marchander’, […] et en cela faire preuve de raǧālaẗ ou m?rǧalaẗ [< raǧul]« (Landberg1923, s.v. raqam) – in the extemporisation of verses, the ideas of *‘letting free’ and *‘manly virtue’ may overlap like in bargaining for a good price.
▪ …
hist
▪ ...
cogn
▪ No immediate cognates in Sem or outside, but ultimately based on ↗¹riǧl; cf. perh. also ↗raǧul.
▪ ...
disc
▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ ...
west
–
deriv
►ĭrtiǧāl, n., improvisation, extemporization, extemporary speech: vn. VIII
►ĭrtiǧālī, adj., extemporary, improvised, impromptu, offhand, unprepared: nsb-formation, from vn. VIII
►murtaǧal, adj., improvised, extemporaneous, extemporary, impromptu, offhand: PP VIII

For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗¹riǧl, ↗²riǧl, ↗³riǧl, ↗raǧul (with ↗ruǧūlaẗ), ↗raǧǧala, and ↗mirǧal, as well as, for the whole picture, root entry ↗√RǦL.
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