Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Bergsträsser1928: Akk šinā, Hbr šnáyim, Aram trēn (dissimilation!) ‘two’; cf. also Gz sānī́t ‘following day’.
▪ Blažek 2011¹ : Akk m./f. šinān / šittān, Ebl m. šina (Dombrowski 1994), Ug ṯnm / ṯtm [ṯināmi / ṯittēmi ], Ph šnm [šənēm ], late Pu (l)isnim, Hbr šĕnáyim / šĕttáyim, Sab ṯny / ṯnty, Qat m. ṯnw, all ‘two’. Cf. also Gz sānəy ‘the next day’, Te säno, Tña sänuy ‘Monday’), as well as Aram *təron / tarton, Mhr troh / trīt, Hob ṯro, ṯroh / ṯərīt, Har ṯərō / ṯərə́t, Jib ṯroh / ṯrət, Soq trøh / trih). – Outside Sem: Eg m./f. snwj / sntj, Copt Sahidic m./f. snau / sənte with the root vowel *i confirmed by the cuneiform record ši-na from the Amarna tablets; Berb: Siwa Ghadames sən/-ət, Kabyle sin / snat, Wargla sin / sent, Ahaggar əssin / sänât, Zenaga šinan / šenanet; Guanche of Tenerife sijn ‘two’, Gran Canaria smetti [= sinetti ] ‘two’. – Outside AfrAs: Kartvelian *č(w)en‑ > Swan išgen ‘(an)other’.
▪ Outside Sem, Borg2021 #80 (ṯ-n-y) compares Eg (i) snw (Gr) ‘the number two’; snnw ‘(ordinal number) second’ (Faulkner 1962: 230), (ii) sn (Pyr) ‘brother’; ‘Bruder’; snw ‘companion, fellow, equal’ (Faulkner 1962: 230; Wb IV 150); snsn ‘sich vereinen mit, sich gesellen; sich verbrüdern’ (Hannig 2003: 1159; Lepper 2008: 54).
▪ …

1. “Etymology”, in EALL ii: 65b ff.

disc

▪ Blažek 2011¹ : The root ṯ-n-y does not stand isolated within Sem (see “Cognates" above).² The present data may be projected to the Proto-Sem level, where *‑ā and *‑ay‑ are the dual markers for nom. and obl. respectively, *‑at‑ is the f. marker and *‑ni is the determiner, not appearing before nouns (Table 1: m.nom. *ṯín-ā-ni, acc./gen. *ṯín-ay-ni, f.nom. *ṯín-at-ā-ni, gen./acc. *ṯín-at-ay-ni). – The Proto-Sem reconstruction is not the final limit. The Eg (see above) and Berb cognates (Berb m/f *sīn ~ *Hissīn / *sīnat) shift the age of this root to the AfrAs (= HamSem) level, [where] the starting point should be reconstructed as *čin(ay)‑. But even the AfrAs proto-language is not the ultimate limit. If there are promising parallels in language families that are possibly related to AfrAs (e.g. Indo-European, Kartvelian, Dravidian, Uralic, Altaic, all members of the so-called Nostratic macro-family), it is legitimate to admit a still deeper history of the studied root. In the case of AfrAs *čin‑ ‘two’, one could mention Kartvelian *č(w)en‑ > Swan išgen ‘(an)other’.
▪ See also ↗ṮNY.

1. “Etymology”, in EALL ii: 65b ff. 2. The seemingly different second radical in the numeral ‘two’ in Aramaic (*təron / tarton) and modSAr (cf. the forms in Mhr, Hob, Har, Jib, and Soq, given above) probably has its origin in a rule changing the initial cluster *Cn‑ in *Cr‑ in Aram and modSAr and in iCn‑ in Ar (Testen 1985).

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deriv

► ṯanà, i (ṯany), vb. I, 1 a) to double, b) double up, c) fold, fold up, fold under. – For other values cf. ↗ṯanà ‘to fold, bend’.
► ṯannà, vb. II, 1 a) to double, make double; b) to do twice, repeat; 2 to pleat, plait; 3 to form the dual (of a word); 4 to provide with two diacritical dots (a letter): caus.
► taṯannà, vb. V, 1 a) to double, become double; to be doubled; b) to be repeated: pseudopass. from II. – For other values cf. ↗ṯanà ‘to fold, bend’.

► ṯanawī, adj., dualist: nsb-adj.
► ṯanawiyyaẗ, n.f., dualism: abstr. in ‑iyyaẗ.
► ṯunāʔᵘ, and maṯnà, adj., two at a time; ṯunāʔᵃ, adv., as a pair or duo, two and two:.
► ^BP#2152ṯunāʔī, adj., 1 a) twofold, double, dual, binary, bi-; b) bilateral; c) biradical (gram.); – (‑āt), n., 2 a) pair, a group of two; b) duet, duo (mus.) | ṯ. al-buʕd, adj., two-dimensional; ʕalāqāt t.iyyaẗ bilateral relations: nsb-adj from ṯunāʔ (?).
► ṯunāʔiyyaẗ, n.f., 1 dualism: abstr. in ‑iyyaẗ; 2 duet, duo (mus.): short for qiṭʕaẗ ṯ. ‘(musical) piece for two’, nsb-adj in the f., lexicalized as n.
► ĭṯnā ʕašarᵃ, f. ĭṯnatā ʕašraẗᵃ, num., twelve:.
► ^BP#1347(yawm) al ĭṯnayn, n., Monday:.
► ^BP#80al-ṯānī, num.ord., 1 the second; 2 the next; 3 (coll.) the other (one) | ṯānī ĭṯnayn, n., the second of a pair, pendant, companion piece, match:.
► ^BP#2403ṯāniyaẗ, pl. ṯawānⁱⁿ, det. al-ṯawānī, n.f., second (time unit): calque from Fr seconde (?).
► ^BP#1455ṯānawī, adj., 1 secondary; 2 minor | ʔumūr ṯ.iyyaẗ matters of secondary importance, minor matters; madrasaẗ ṯ.iyyaẗ secondary school: nsb-adj from ṯānin.
► ^BP#4147ṯānawiyyaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n.f., 1 secondary school: short for madrasaẗ ṯ., nsb-adj in the f., lexicalized as n.; 2 secondary importance: abstr. in ‑iyyaẗ.
► taṯniyaẗ, n.f., 1 a) repetition; b) doubling, gemination; c) (gram.) dual; d) second sequel (e.g., of a collection of short stories) | t. al-ĭštirāʕ Deutoronomy: vn. II. – For other values cf. ↗ṯanà ‘to fold, bend’ and ↗ṯanāʔ ‘praise’.
► maṯniyy, adj., doubled: PP I. – For other values cf. ↗ṯanà ‘to fold, bend’.
► muṯannan, def. al-muṯannà, adj., 1 double, twofold; 2 in the dual (gram.): PP II.

– For other values cf. ↗ṯanà ‘to fold, bend’ and ↗ṯanāʔ ‘praise’.

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