Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Jeffery1938: »The verb fataḥa ‘to open’, with its derivatives, is commonly used and is genuine Ar, but in these two passages¹ where it has a peculiar technical meaning, Muḥammad seems to be using, as Horovitz, KU, 18, n., noted, an Eth [Gz] word fətḥ, which had become specialized in this sense and is used almost exclusively of legal affairs, e.g. fatḥa ‘to give judgment’, tafatḥa ‘iudicari’, tafātḥa ‘litigare’, fətḥat ‘iudicium’, and fətḥ which is both ‘iudicium’ and ‘sententia iudicis’. This sense had already become domiciled in SArabia, as we see from the use of [SAr] ftḥ in the inscriptions (Rossini, Glossarium, 221).«

1. Horovitz would add ex, 1, ʔiḏa ǧāʔa naṣru llāhi wa’l-fatḥ, but as this apparently refers to the conquest of Mecca (Nöldeke-Schwally, i, 219), it would seem to mean ‘victory’ rather than judgment in the technical legal sense of the other passages.

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