Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ As also a number of other Sem languages, Ar distinguishes between ‘man as a human being’ (homo, Mensch, ↗ʔinsān) and ‘man as an adult male’ (vir, Mann), ĭmraʔ / ĭmruʔ, with article al-marʔ. The word goes back to protSem *marʔ‑ ‘man, male’ (Kogan2011) or *māriʔ‑ ‘man, master, lord’ (Huehnergard2011, alongside with *marʔ‑) and, perhaps, AfrAs *mar‑ / *maraʔ‑ (possibly also *maʔar‑) ‘man’ (Orel&Stolbova1994).

hist

▪ eC7 Q 70:38 imruʔ, 8:24 marʔ ‘a person, one’

cogn

▪ BDB1906: BiblAram mārê ‘lord’, Syr mārē, mārā, EgAram mrʔ, oAram Nab Palm mr(ʔ) ‘lord’, Sab mrʔ ‘man, lord’
▪ Zammit2002: Ar marʔ ‘a man’: Ug mr ‘Herr (?); Gastgeber (?)’, BiblAram mārē ‘lord’, Syr mārā ‘lord, owner, ruler, master, prince’, SAr mrʔ ‘man, lord’, Gz mār (< Syr) ‘lord, master’
▪ Kogan2011: Akk māru (CAD: also merʔu, marʔu) ‘son’, Aram *māriʔ‑ ‘lord’, Sab Qat mrʔ ‘man; male child; lord’.
▪ Cohen1969 mentioned also Akk amīlu (awīlu, amēlu, awēlu) ‘man’, and, outside Sem, some Berb and Cush forms. All doubtful!
▪ OrelStolb1994#1740: Akk māru ‘son’, BiblAram mārē ‘master’, SAr mrʔ ‘man, husband’. – Outside Sem: Eg mr.w ‘people’ (OK); maar ‘boy’ and mara ‘masculine’ in 2 WCh languages; maar ‘uncle’ in 1 ECh idiome.

disc

▪ Kogan2011: from Sem *marʔ‑ ‘man, male’.
▪ Huehnergard2011: from Sem *marʔ‑, *māriʔ ‘man, master, lord’.
▪ OrelStolb1994#1740 reconstruct Sem *marʔ‑ ‘man; husband; master’, from AfrAs *mar‑ / *maraʔ‑ ‘man’. For both WCh and ECh the authors assume *maʔar‑, which, if correct, would show metathesis as compared to the reconstructed AfrAs form. An alternative reconstruction would be AfrAs *maʔar‑, taking the WCh and ECh forms as the more original ones; then Sem would have undergone metathesis. The Eg evidence is not helpful for a decision between the one or the other since it shows no traces of *‑ʔ‑.

west

–

deriv

► maruʔa, u (murūʔaẗ), vb. I, to be manly: denom. – For other meanings see ↗marVʔa.

► ^BP#321ĭmraʔaẗ, with def. article al-marʔaẗ, pl. ↗nisāʔ, niswaẗ, etc., n., woman; wife: f. of marʔ.
► murūʔaẗ, var. muruwwaẗ, n., the ideal of manhood, comprising all knightly virtues, esp., manliness, valor, chivalry, generosity, sense of honor:.
► marīʔ, adj., manly, virile: adj. formation. – For other meanings see ↗marVʔa and ↗marīʔ (n.).

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