Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ BadawiHinds1986 gives modGrk méngelē as the origin of the EgAr term. méngelē is probably a variant of μέγγενη ~ μέγκενη /méŋgeni/ ‘vice’, according to Wiktionary a loan from Tu méngene ‘press, vice, screw-jack, clamp’ which, according to Nişanyan_27Jan2018, is in its turn from modGrk μάγγανο(ν) /máŋgano(n)/ ~ μαγγάνι /maŋgáni/ ‘calender, machine to calender cloth or linen, mangle, press; winch, windlass’ < (Nişanyan) oGrk μάγγανον /máŋganon/, lit. ‘means for charming or bewitching others, philtre’, then also ‘mangonel’, i.e., a “magic” war machine, specific type of catapult or siege engine used to throw projectiles at a castle’s walls (cf. ↗manǧanīq ‘mangonel, ballista, catapult’), then also ‘block of a pulley’ (LiddellScott1940), probably so called after the pulleys used in the mangonel. Thus, if all the stages just mentioned are correct, we are dealing with a wanderwort that traveled across the Eastern Mediterranean: oGrk > modGrk > Tu > modGrk > Ar, but also into Eur langs (see section WEST, below).

west

▪ Engl mangonel, n., ‘military engine for hurling stones,’ mC13, from oFr mangonel ‘catapult, war engine for throwing stones, etc.’ (modFr mangonneau), diminutive of mLat mangonum, from vulgLat *manganum ‘machine,’ from Grk mánganon ‘any means of tricking or bewitching,’ said to be from a protIE *mang‑ ‘to embellish, dress, trim’ (source also of oPruss manga ‘whore,’ mIrish meng ‘craft, deception’), but Beekes thinks it might be Pre-Greek. Attested from c. 1200 in Anglo-Lat – EtymOnline.
▪ Engl mangle, machine for smoothing and pressing linen and cotton clothes after washing, 1774, from Du mangel (C18), apparently short for mangelstok, from stem of mangelen ‘to mangle’, from mDu mange, which probably is somehow from vulgLat *manganum ‘machine’ (see mangonel), ‘but its history has not been precisely traced’ [OED] – EtymOnline.

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