Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ The common theory is that it probably is from mPers zūr, zōr ‘strength, power, vigour, violence, strong effort, force’. – No connection has been seen so far between zūr and the complex treated in DRS as #ZW/YR-2 (incl. Hbr zār ‘to press down and out’, Syr zār, zwar ‘to compress’, Ar ^†zayyara ‘to twist the lip of a beast’, ^†ziwār ‘rope binding the fore to the hind-girth’, etc., see ↗zayyar and ZWR_9 in ↗ZWR). – In contrast, Wahrmund1887 thinks zūr, zōr is vulgar for zawr which, according to the same author, is distorted from ↗ǧawr ‘injustice, oppression, outrage, wanton deviation’.

hist

▪ …

cogn

▪ Cf. ↗zayyar ?

disc

▪ Rolland2014a, Nişanyan_05Aug2015: zūr ‘force’, esp. in the expr. bi’l-zūr : (via Tu zor ?) from mPers zūr, zōr ‘strength, power, vigour, violence, strong effort, force’, akin to Av zāvar ‘id.’ and Skr śūra ‘powerful, mighty, strong, valiant, heroic, brave’.
▪ DRS, where the word is seen as a specifically IrqAr (and Ṭur nSyr) phenomenon, says that the item does not seem to be related (»ne relève apparemment pas…«) to the complex ‘to compress’ treated in DRS as #ZW/YR-2 (incl. Hbr zār ‘to press down and out’, Syr zār, zəwar ‘to compress’, Ar ^†zayyara ‘to twist the lip of a beast’, ^†ziwār ‘rope binding the fore to the hind-girth’, etc., MorAr ↗zayyar ‘to close [a button]’ = ZWR_20/ZYR_4).
▪ Wahrmund1887 thinks zūr ‘force’ is vulgar for ↗zawr which, according to the same author, is distorted from ↗ǧawr ‘injustice, oppression, outrage, wanton deviation’.
▪ Should one also compare ^†zawr ‘(strength of) determination’ (? > ‘lord, leader, master, chief’)? Cf. ↗zawr.

west

▪ Not from Ar zūr, but from the same source is Tu zor ‘difficult’ (1330 ʕĀşıḳ Paşa, Ġarīb-nāme) – Nişanyan_05Aug2015.

deriv

bi’l-zūr, adv., by force, forcibly

For other values of the root, cf. ↗zāra, ↗zawr, ↗zīr, ↗zūr_1, ↗zawar, and (for the general picture) ↗ZWR. – Cf. also ↗ZYR.

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