Bibliotheca Polyglotta

to lead (s.o.) on the right way (DO), guide (s.o. on a course, 2x DO); to guide, show, direct (s.o. ʔilà to), show (s.o.) the way (ʔilà to); to lead (s.o., to the true faith); to supply, bring, procure (s.th.); — (hidāʔ) to bring, lead, conduct ( hā the bride ʔilà to the bridegroom) — WehrCowan1979.

conc

▪ From WSem *hdy ‘to lead, extend’ (Huehnergard2011), probably developed from the notion of ‘to stretch out the hand’ (as preserved in Hbr hādā).
▪ The item is related to, or perhaps the etymon of, the semantic complex of ‘giving (as a present), offering’, treated under ↗hadiyyaẗ, as well as of ‘tottering, staggering (in walking)’, treated under ↗tahādà. For the broader context, cf. ↗HDY.
▪ In the Islamic context, the vb. and many of its derivatives have taken on a specifically religious-moral connotation (right path, right guidance, etc.)

hist

▪ eC7 hadà (to give the ability to know right from wrong, to give the ability to fend for o.s., to instil the instinct for survival) Q 20:50 rabbu-nā ’llaḏī ʔaʕṭà kulla šayʔin ḫalqa-hū ṯumma hadà ‘our Lord is He who gave everything its form then showed them how to find their way’, (to provide or offer guidance) 41:17 wa-ʔammā ṯamūdu fa-hadaynā-hum fa-’staḥabbū ’l-ʕamà ʕalà ’l-hudà ‘as for Thamūd, We called them to guidance, but they preferred blindness over guidance’, (to guide to the right path) 6:161 hadā-nī rabbī ʔilà ṣirāṭin mustaqīmin ‘my Lord has guided me to a straight path’, ((of God) to lead to Paradise, to guide to ultimate heavenly reward) 7:43 ▪ ĭhtadà (to use for guidance) 6:97, (to seek guidance) 2:53, (to find guidance) 3:20, (to follow in the footsteps of the guided, to accept guidance) 2:170, (to stay on the right course) 20:82 ▪ hādin (one guiding to the right path) 27:81, (a guide, resuer) 25:31 ▪ hudan (guiding, showing the right way) 16:37, (news, information, directions) possibly in 20:10, (spiritual guidance) 3:73, (the Revelation, the Qur’an) 72:13 ▪ ʔahdà (most guided; elat.) 67:22 ▪ muhtadin (one finding the way, one coming to a conclusion, one reaching the right decision) 2:70, (one who follows s.o.’s path) 43:22, (one who has found or accepted true guidance) 57:26

cogn

▪ Zammit 2002: Hbr hādā ‘to stretch out the hand’, Aram Syr haddī, SAr hdy ‘to lead, guide, direct’.

disc

▪ Zammit2002: 553 »The Hbr sense ‘to stretch out the hand’ might be more generic and neutral than the sense ‘to guide’ attested in Ar, SAr, Syr and which could have developed later.«
▪ Huehnergard 2011: WSem *hdy ‘to lead, extend’.
▪ The item is related to, or perhaps the etymon of, the semantic complex of ‘giving (as a present), offering’, treated under ↗hadiyyaẗ. For the broader context, cf. ↗HDY.

west

▪ mahdi, 1792, spiritual and temporal leader expected by some Muslims, from Ar mahdiyy ‘he who is guided aright, rightly guided (one), Mahdi’’, PP I of hadà, vb. I, ‘to lead in the right way’. Applied c.1880 to insurrectionary leaders in the Sudan who claimed to be him. (EtymOnline)

deriv

► tahaddà, vb. V, to be rightly guided, be led well: quasi-pass.; to get (ʔilà to), reach (ʔilà a place, s.th.): resultative (of quasi-pass.).
► tahādà, vb. VI, to move forward, move on, advance; to glide along (e.g., a sailboat), to get (ʔilà to), reach (ʔilà a place); to get as far as, penetrate (ʔilà to); to flock (ʔilà to s.o.), rally (around s.o.): resultative (of quasi-pass.). – For other meanings see ↗s.v. and ↗hadiyyaẗ.
► ĭhtadà, vb. VIII, to be rightly guided, be led on the right way; to be led, be shown, be taken (ʔilà, li‑ to): quasi-pass.; to find the way (to); to find, detect, discover (ʔilà s.th.), come upon (ʔilà s.th.); to hit upon s.th. (ʔilà or li‑, e.g., an idea), be made aware, think (ʔilà or li‑ of), arrive (at): resultative (of quasi-pass.); to be led back, find one’s way back (ʔilà to the true faith, min away from evil); to be guided (bi‑ by s.o.), take (bi‑ s.o. or s.th.) as an example or model, follow s.o.’s (bi‑) lead: quasi-pass.
► ĭstahdà, vb. X, to ask to be rightly guided, pray for divine guidance, seek the right way: requestative.

► hady, n., guidance, direction; way, road, course, direction; manner, mode, fashion: lexicalized vn. I.
► ^BP#2341hudan, det. hudà, n., right guidance (esp., in a religious sense); guiding, leading (of s.o.); right way, true religion: lexicalized vn. I. | kāna ʕalà hudan, vb. I, to be on the right way; to embrace the true religion; ʕalà ġayri hudan, adv., aimlessly, at random; sāra ʕalà ġayri hudan, vb. I, to wander aimlessly.
► hadyaẗ, var. hidyaẗ, n., (line of) conduct, procedure, policy, course, way, direction; manner, mode, fashion: n.un. of vn. I hady (?).
► hidāyaẗ, n.f., guidance: vn. I | ʕalà ġayri hidāyaẗ, adv., without divine guidance, aimlessly, at random.
► ʔahdà, adj., better guided; more correct, more proper, better: elat.
► hādin, det. hādī, pl. ‑ūn, hudāẗ, adj., leading, guiding: PA I; n., leader, guide: nomin. PA I.
► mahdiyy, adj., rightly guided: PP I; n., Mahdi: nomin. PP I.
► muhtadin, det. muhtadī, adj., rightly guided; finding the right way; guided by the right feelings; certain, steady (manner of walking, steps, etc.): PA VIII; (pl. ‑ūn), n., a convert to Islam: nomin. PA VIII.

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