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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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ḥarām حَرام, pl. ḥurum
meta
ID 206 • Sw – • BP 1261 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ḤRM
gram
adj.; n.
engl
I adj., 1a forbidden, interdicted, prohibited, unlawful; b inviolable, taboo; 2 sacred, sacrosanct; 3 cursed, accursed; II n., 4 s.th. forbidden, offense, sin – WehrCowan1976.
conc
▪ From protWSem *ḤRM ‘to forbid’ (Kogan2015) or protSem *X̣RM ‘to separate, ban, prohibit’ (Huehnergard2011). For discussion and further details, cf. ↗ḥaram and root entry ↗√ḤRM.
▪ …
hist
▪ …
cogn
▪ ↗ḥaram.
▪ …
disc
▪ ↗ḥaram.
▪ …
west
▪ Engl harmattan, possibly from Ar ḥarām ‘evil thing’, from ḥarama, vb. I, ‘to exclude, deny, prohibit’ – Huehnergard2011. – Cf., however, TLFi which, for Fr harmattan says that it is borrowed from Fanti (a language of Ghana) haramata ʻid.’ (as of 29Nov2020).
deriv
►ĭbn ḥarām, n., illegitimate son, bastard
►al-ʔarāḍī al-ḥarām, nonhum.pl., 1a no man’s land; b neutral territory
►al-bayt al-ḥarām, n., the Kaaba
►al-šahr al-ḥarām, n., the Holy Month Muḥarram
►al-masǧid al-ḥarām, n., the Holy Mosque in Mecca
►ḥarām ʕalay-ka, expr., you mustn’t do (say) that
►bi-ḥarām, adv., illicitly, illegally, unlawfully.

►ḥarāmī, pl. ‑iyyaẗ, n., thief, robber, bandit: nisba formation, from ḥarām in the sense of ʻcursed, accursed’ (?) or *ʻs.o. dealing with forbidden\unlawful things’.

See also ↗ḥaram, ↗ḥirām, ↗ḥarīm, ↗ḥarāmī, ↗maḥramaẗ, and, for the overall picture, root entry ↗√ḤRM.
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