Bibliotheca Polyglotta

to speak the truth, be sincere; to tell (DO s.o.) the truth (ʕan about); to prove to be true, turn out to be correct, come true; to be right; to fit exactly (ʕalà s.o. or s.th.), apply (to), hold true (of) – WehrCowan1979.

conc

▪ The root does not seem to be attested in ESem and therefore has to be regarded as a WSem innovation. Huehnergard 2011 reconstructs WSem *ṣdq ‘to be(come) just, righteous’.

hist

–

cogn

BDB1906: Hbr ṣādēq ‘to be righteous, just’, ṣädäq ‘rightness, righteousness; justice’, ṣaddīq ‘just, righteous’, etc.; Phn ṣdq ‘just, right’; oAram ṣdq ‘righteousness, loyalty’, Nab ʔṣdq ‘authorized’, Palm zdqtʔ renders Grk ‘eusebḗs’, Syr zāḏeq ‘it is right’, zadīqā ‘righteous’, zadīqūṯā ‘righteousness’; Sab¹ ṣdq ‘to get o.’s right; to justify, make right; to fulfil (a duty); to favour, endow, grant’, ṣdq ‘right, justice, righteousness; right (adj.)’; Gz ṣadəqa ‘to be just, righteous’. — Outside Sem: Saho sadaq ‘to be true, clear’.

1. Values in Sab as given in Stein2012-2.

disc

▪ Badawi2008 gives as the major values of the root in ClassAr: ‘to say, tell, utter, speak the truth; to fulfil o.’s promise; (of the morning) to shine clearly; to be true to (principles or friends); the truth; steadfastness; to befriend, friendship; charity, alms, to give alms to the poor; dowry’

west

▪ Huehnergard2011/EtymOnline: Engl Sadducee is not from Ar but, via lLat sadducaei (pl.) < Grk zaddoukaios, from Mishnaic Hbr ṣədûqî ‘Sadducee’, which is from the same WSem root *ṣdq ‘to be(come) just, righteous’ to which also Ar ṣadaqa goes back. Hbr ṣədûqî is formed after ṣādôq ‘Zadoq/Tzadhoq, just, righteous’, a high priest in the time of David and Solomon, whose name is based on the vb. Hbr ṣādaq ‘to be(come) just, righteous’. From Zadoq the priesthood of the captivity claimed descent. »According to Josephus, the sect denied the resurrection of the dead and the existence of angels and spirits; but later historians regard them as more the political party of the priestly class than a sect per se« – EtymOnline. – Cf. also other names known from the Bible, such as Melchizedek and Zedekiah.

deriv

► ṣadaqa waʕdahū or ~ fī waʕdih, vb., to keep, or fulfill, one’s promise

► ^BP#989ṣaddaqa, vb. II, to deem (s.o., s.th.) credible, accept (s.th.) as true, give credence (DO to s.o., to s.th.), believe, trust; to consider or pronounce s.th. to be true, right, correct or credible; to believe (bi‑ in); to give one’s consent, to consent, assent, agree (ʕalà to s.th.), approve (of s.th.), grant, license, sanction, certify, confirm, substantiate, attest, ratify; (officially) to certify (ʕalà the correctness of a translation, signature, or copy):.
► ṣādaqa, vb. III, to treat as a friend; to maintain one’s friendship (DO with s.o.); to be or become friends (with), befriend (s.o.): associative, denom. from ṣadīq; to give one’s consent, to consent, assent, agree (ʕalà to s.th.), approve (of), grant, license, sanction, certify, confirm, substantiate; (officially) to certify (ʕalà see II):.
► ʔaṣdaqa, vb. IV, to fix a (bridal) dower (‑hā for a woman): denom. from ṣadāq ?
► taṣaddaqa, vb. V, ↗ṣaqadaẗ ‘alms’.

► ^BP#1637ṣidq, n., truth, trueness, truthfulness; sincerity, candor; veracity, correctness (of an allegation); efficiency: vn. I.
► ṣadaqaẗ, n.: ↗s.v..
► ṣadāq, ṣidāq, pl. ṣuduq, ʔaṣdiqaẗ, n., (bridal) dower; – (pl. ʔaṣdiqaẗ) marriage contract (tun.):.
► ^BP#2206ṣadāqaẗ, pl. ‑āt , n., friendship: n.abstr., from ṣadīq.
► ^BP#398ṣadīq, pl. ʔaṣdiqāʔᵘ, ṣudaqāʔᵘ, ṣudqān, n., friend; adj., friendly, connected by bonds of friendship: pseudo-PA / ints.
► ṣadūq, adj., veracious, truthful, honest, sincere: ints.
► ṣiddīq, adj., strictly veracious, honest, righteous, upright; al-~, epithet of the first Caliph, Abū Bakr: ints., but see also ↗s.v..
► ^BP#4628ʔaṣdaqᵘ, adj., truer, sincerer; more reliable; more truthful: elat.
► miṣdāq, n., confirmation, corroboration, substantiation; touchstone, criterion: n.instr. (?).
► ^BP#3519miṣdāqiyyaẗ, n.f., credibility: abstr. in iyyaẗ, from miṣdāq.
► taṣdīq, n., belief, faith (bi‑ in); consent, assent, agreement (ʕalà to), approval, sanctioning, licensing, certification, confirmation, attestation, ratification; (official) certification: vn. II.
► muṣādaqaẗ, consent, assent, agreement, concurrence (ʕalà in); approval, sanctioning, certification, confirmation, attestation, ratification; (official) certification: vn. III.
► taṣāduq, n., legalization, authentication (ʕalà of a document): vn. VI.
► ^BP#1392ṣādiq, adj., true, truthful, veracious, sincere, candid; reliable; accurate, true, genuine, faithful, authentic: PA I.
► muṣaddiqaẗ, certificate, certification, attestation: lexicalized PA II.f.
► muṣaddaq, credible, believable, reliable, trustworthy: lexicalized PP II.

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