Bibliotheca Polyglotta

1a to incline, be inclined, tend (li‑, ʔilà to); b to lean (li‑, ʔilà to, toward); c to turn, go over (ʔilà to), join (ʔilà s.th.), associate o.s. (ʔilà with); 2 to strand (ʕalà, ʔilà on a coast; ship); 3a to diverge, deviate, depart (ʕan from); b to turn away (ʕan from), break (ʕan with) – WehrCowan1976

conc

▪ The vb. I ǧanaḥa is prob. denom. from ↗ǧinḥ ‘side’ for which Militarev&Kogan2005 suggest (with some reluctance) Sem *ganaḥ- ‘chest with upper arm/wing’ as protSem origin (< AfrAs *g˅n˅ḥ- ‘arm/leg; wing’).
▪ …

hist

cogn

▪ ↗ǧinḥ
▪ ...

disc

▪ A connection betw. ǧanaḥa and ↗ǧunḥ ‘darkness, gloom’ is not impossible though semantically problematic.
▪ ↗ǧunāḥ ‘misdemeanor; sin’ is usually regarded as a borrowing from Pers gonāh (with final *-h > -ḥ, perh. due to association with √ǦNḤ, as a ‘misdemeanor; sin’ can easily be imagined as fig. use of ǧanaḥa ‘to incline’ > ‘to incline to the wrong side, deviate from the right path, go astray’).
▪ ...

west

deriv

►ʔaǧnaḥa, vb. IV, 1a to incline, be inclined, tend (li‑, ʔilà to); b to lean (li‑, ʔilà to, toward); c to turn (li‑, ʔilà to s.th.); 2 to strand (ship): *Š-stem, (?) denom., from ǧinḥ or ǧanāḥ

►ǧunḥaẗ, pl. ǧunaḥ, n.f., misdemeanor (jur., less than a felony, ǧināyaẗ, and more than an infraction, ↗muḫālafaẗ)
►ǧunāḥ, n., 1a misdemeanor (jur.); b sin | lā ǧunāḥᵃ ʕalayh ʔin... it won’t be held against him if he... ; it won't do any harm if he...
►ʔaǧnaḥᵘ, adj., more inclined (ʔilà to): elat. formation
►ǧanūḥ, adj., inclined (ʔilà to s.th.)
►ǧunūḥ, n., inclination, leaning, bent, tendency (ʔilà to): vn. I

For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗ǧinḥ, ↗ǧunḥ, ↗ǧanāḥ, ↗ǧunāḥ, and ↗ǧāniḥaẗ, as well as, for the whole picture, root entry ↗ǦNḤ.

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