Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Etymology unclear. The item may be without cognates in Sem. An Ar specificity?
▪ For Youssef2003’s suggestion to derive the adj. ʔaṭrašᵘ from Eg, see below, section DISC.
▪ In contrast to another word for ‘deafness’, ↗ṣamam (with cognates in WSem), Ar ṭaraš seems to denote a lighter form of deafness only, i.e., ‘hardness of hearing, amblyocousia’, cf. Kazimirski1860 ‘être un peu sourd, avoir l’oreille dure’. The need to differentiate between various degrees of deafness may thus have been the reason for the development of the parallelism ṣamam / ṭaraš.

hist

▪ …

cogn

▪ DRS 10 (2012)#ṬRŚ-1 Syr ṭᵉrūšā ‘muet’, Mand ṭruša ‘sourd-muet, sourd’, Ar ʔaṭraš, ʔuṭrūš ‘sourd’.

disc

▪ According to Nöldeke, quoted in DRS, the Aram (Syr, Mand) forms are from Ar.
▪ Ar ʔaṭraš, ʔuṭrūš ‘deaf’, ṭaraš ‘deafness’, etc. thus may stand alone as an Ar idiosyncrasy within Sem where the words designing ‘deaf (and dumb)’ usually are taken from roots like *ṬMM ‘to be deaf and mute’, (WSem) *ṢMM ‘to be deaf, have a damaged ear’ (preserved in Ar as such, ↗ṣamam), (CSem) *ḪRS ‘to be deaf and dumb’ (> Ar ↗ḫaras ‘dumbness, muteness’) – Kogan2011 (with references to SED, verbal roots 75, 64, and 32, respectively).
▪ Youssef2003’s suggestion that the adj. ʔaṭrašᵘ perh. is from Eg i͗wty (a neg. pronoun) + rwš ‘to care’, seems to be hardly tenable.

west

–

deriv

► ṭariša, a (ṭaraš), vb. I, to be or become deaf: denom.
► ṭarraša, vb. II, to deafen (s.o.): D-stem, denom., caus. – For earlier values, now obsolete, cf. ṬRŠ_2 in ↗ṬRŠ.
► ṭuršaẗ, n.f., deafness: quasi-vn. I.
► ʔaṭrašᵘ, f. ṭaršāʔᵘ, pl. ṭurš, adj., deaf: ʔafʕalᵘ for colours and diseases. | ~ ʔasakkᵘ, adj., stone-deaf

For other items of √ṬRŠ, cf. ↗ṭaraša, ↗ṭarš_1, ↗ṭarš_2, ↗ṭuršī, and, for the general picture, ↗ṬRŠ.

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