Bibliotheca Polyglotta

I (I ḥaṭṭ) vb.tr., 1 to put, place, put down, set down (s.th.); 2a to take down (a load, burden); b to lower, decrease, diminish, reduce (s.th. or min s.th.); 3 to depreciate (min qadri-h or min qīmati-h the value of s.th.)

II (ḥaṭṭ, ḥuṭūṭ) vb.intr., 1 to sink, descend, go down; 2a to alight (bird); b to land (airplane); 3 to drop (price) – WehrCowan1976.

conc

▪ The vb. ḥaṭṭa appears with [vI] tr. as well as [vII] intr. meaning. It does not seem to be attested outside Ar and modSAr.
▪ In Ar, it has also developed the meaning [vI-2b] ʻto lower, decrease, diminish, reduce’, whence the figurative value [vI-3] ʻto depreciate’ (cf. also the n.f. ḥiṭṭaẗ ʻdegradation, debasement, disgrace, humiliation’, and the EgAr expressions dī ḥiṭṭa f-šarafak ʻthat’s an insult to your honour’, and huwwa ḥiṭṭa f-ʕelt-u ʻhe is a disgrace to his family’ – BadawiHinds1986), and, perhaps, the Qur’ānic ↗ḥiṭṭaẗ ʻforgiveness, repentance’ (< [v2a] *ʻunloading, putting off [sins], relief’?); but some scholars would regard this ḥiṭṭaẗ as a borrowing from Hbr or Syr; see s.v..
▪ DRS keeps EgAr ḥaṭṭ, u, ʻto become exhausted, become weak, collapse’ apart (as #ḤṬṬ-3) from ḥaṭṭa ʻto go down, descend’, but does not explain this distinction. Why should ʻbecoming weak, collapsing’ not simply be a figurative resultative use of ʻsinking, descending, going down’?
▪ ClassAr knows ḥaṭṭa (u, ḥaṭṭ) also with the meaning ^†ʻto polish, figure (leather)’. However, although this vb. and the one signifying [v1] ʻto put\set down / to descend’ look conspicuously identical, their semantics are too different as to assume kinship. In Lane ii (1865), the activity of ^†ḥaṭṭa ʻto polish, etc.’ is explained as to treat leather with a ^†miḥaṭṭ(aẗ), an ʻinstrument of iron, or of wood, prepared for the polishing\smoothing of skins, to make them soft and beautiful, and for figuring\decorating them’. Perhaps, the ^†miḥaṭṭ(aẗ) was so called because it had to be *ʻput down’ on the leather?
▪ No obvious relation between ḥaṭṭa and other values to be found in the root √ḤṬː (ḤṬṬ), such as ʻpapule, pustule, vesicle’ (↗ḥaṭāṭaẗ), ʻshort; dwarf’ (^†ḥaṭīṭ), ʻshipworm, teredo navalis’ (^†ḥuṭayyiṭaẗ), and ʻstink’ (^†ḥuṭāṭ).
▪ Many verbs and nouns derived from ḥaṭṭa figure among the most frequently used vocabulary items of MSA, cf. the ranking numbers in Buckwalter and Parkinson’s Frequency Dictionary (see below, section DERIV). For the Arab modernist movement of the Nahḍaẗ and its successors in the 20^th century, the vn. VII, ↗ĭnḥiṭāṭ, became the (in)famous denominator of the whole period spanning between the ʻGolden Age’ and the new ʻUpswing’ (↗nahḍaẗ) as the ʻEra of Decline’, ʕaṣr al-ĭnḥiṭāṭ.
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hist

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cogn

▪ DRS 9 (2010) #ḤṬṬ-1 Ar ḥaṭṭa ‘poser, déposer, descendre (qc d’un point à un autre plus bas), abaisser, mettre par terre; soulager d’une charge, exonérer’, ḥaṭāṭ ‘dépression, abaissement’, Tham ḥṭ ‘descendre’, Ar maḥaṭṭ ‘endroit où on fait descendre qc, station, relais’; Mhr ḥəṭ ‘déposer’, Ḥrs ḥeṭ ‘tomber’; Jib ḥeṭṭ ‘descendre; décharger’. -2 […]. -3 EgAr ḥaṭṭ ‘être à bout, affaibli’. -4-5 […].
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disc

▪ See above, section CONC.
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west

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deriv

►ḥaṭṭa ’l-riḥāl, vb., to halt, make a stop, dismount, encamp (while traveling on horseback, camelback, etc.)

►^BP#1574ḥaṭṭa, u (ḥaṭṭ), vb. I, 1 to put, place, put down, set down (s.th.); 2a to take down (a load, burden); b to lower, decrease, diminish, reduce (s.th. or min s.th.); 3 to depreciate (min qadri-h or min qīmati-h the value of s.th.) | ḥaṭṭa ’l-riḥāl, vb., to halt, make a stop, dismount, encamp (while traveling on horseback, camelback, etc.)
►^BP#4145ḥaṭṭa u (ḥaṭṭ, ḥuṭūṭ), 1 to sink, descend, go down; 2a to alight (bird); b to land (airplane); 3 to drop (price)
►ḥaṭṭaṭa, vb. II, to put down, set down, take off, unload (a load): Dt-stem, tr.
►ĭnḥaṭṭa, vb.VII, 1 to sink, descend, go down; 2 to decrease, diminish; 3 to decline, decay, wane: N-stem, intr.
►ĭḥtaṭṭa, vb. VIII, to put down, set down, take down (s.th.): Gt-stem, self-ref.
►ḥaṭṭ, n., 1 (act of) putting or setting down; 2 depreciation, belittling, derogation, disparagement (min of s.th.); 3 reduction, diminution, decrease (min of s.th.)
►ḥiṭṭaẗ, n.f., 1 alleviation, relief, mitigation; 2a abasement, debasement, demotion, degradation (in rank, dignity, prestige); b humiliation, insult, indignity.
►ʔaḥaṭṭᵘ, adj., lower: elat. formation, serving as comp./superlat. of munḥaṭṭ.
►ḥaṭīṭaẗ, n.f., price reduction
►maḥaṭṭ, n., 1 place at which s.th. is put down or deposited; 2 stopping place, stop; 3 pause, fermata, hold, concluding strain, cadence (mus.): n.loc. | ~ al-ʔāmāl, n., object of hope, that on which one’s hopes are pinned; kāna ~ al-ʔanẓār, vb., to attract the glances, draw attention to o.s.; ~ al-kalām, n., sense, or meaning, of one’s words.
►^BP#941maḥaṭṭaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n.f., 1 stopping place, stop (also of public conveyances); 2 station, post; 3 railroad station; 4 broadcasting station, radio station: n.loc.f. | ~ taḥwīl al-tayyār, n.f., transformer station; ~ al-ʔiḏāʕaẗ (al-lā-silkiyyaẗ), n.f., 1 broadcasting station, radio station; 2 transmitter (station); ~ raʔīsiyyaẗ, n.f., (railroad) main station; ~ al-ʔišārāt, n.f., signal post; ~al-ʔirsāl, n.f., transmitter (station; radio); ~ lil-ʔarṣād al-ǧawwiyyaẗ, n.f., meteorological station, weather station; (Eg.) ~ al-ṣarf, n.f., 1 pump station (for drainage); 2 power plant; ~ al-ĭstiqbāl, n.f., receiving station (radio); ~ lā-silkiyyaẗ qaṣīraẗ al-ʔamwāǧ, n.f., short-wave transmitter station; ~ tawlīd al-kahrabāʔ and ~ kahrabāʔiyyaẗ, n.f., power plant.
►ĭnḥiṭāṭ, n., 1decline, fall, decay, decadence; 2 inferiority: vn. VII | ʔiḥsās al‑~, n., sense of inferiority
►ĭnḥiṭāṭī, n., postclassical writer: nisba formation, from ĭnḥiṭāṭ
►munḥaṭṭ, adj., 1 low, base, low-level, lowgrade; 2 fallen, degraded (woman); 3 mean, vile, vulgar; 4 inferior: PA VII.

For other values attached to the root, and for the overall picture, cf. ↗√ ḤṬː (ḤṬṬ).

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