Bibliotheca Polyglotta

1a to preserve, conserve, keep, retain, maintain, sustain, uphold; b to maintain (e.g., a machine, an automobile); 2a to protect, guard, safeguard, keep, save (s.o., s.th., ʕan from); b to defend (s.o., s.th., ʕan against) – WehrCowan1976.

conc

▪ Scarcely attested in Sem. Huehnergard2011 nevertheless reconstructs WSem *√ṢWN ‘to protect’. – (?)Any relation with ^†²ṣinnāraẗ ‘leathern handle, kind of shield | ganse de cuir à l’aide de laquelle on tient ou l’on accroche le fouet’ (↗√ṢNR), ^†sanawwar ‘coat made of thongs, worn in war, like a coat of mail, any weapon (of iron) or arms’ (< Syr sanūrā ~ sanwartā ‘crown of the head; head-covering, headband, cap, helmet’) (↗√SNR), and/or Hbr ṣinnāʰ ‘shield’ (↗√ṢNː(ṢNN))?
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hist

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cogn

▪ ḤaḍrAr taṣawwana ‘to take shelter’, YemAr ṣawān ‘guarantor, surety’, Gz ṣawwana, ḍawwana ‘to protect, defend, preserve, shelter’, ṣawan ‘fortress, castle, stronghold; garrison, fortification; refuge, asylum, shelter, consolation’, Te mäč̣wan ‘black veil’, Amh ṣāwān (< Gz) ‘refuge’; rel. to Hbr ṣinnāʰ ‘shield’ – Leslau2006.
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disc

▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ …

west

▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl Zion, from Hbr ṣiyyôn, prob. originally meaning ‘stronghold, fortress’, derived from a root akin to Ar ṣāna ‘to protect’.

deriv

►taṣawwana, vb. V, 1 to uphold one’s honour, live chastely, virtuously (woman); 2a to shut o.s. off; b to seclude o.s., protect o.s.: Dt-stem, self-ref.

►ṣawn, n., 1a preservation, conservation, guarding, keeping; b susten(ta)tion, upholding; c maintenance, upkeep, care; d protection, safeguard(ing), securing, defense; 2 chastity, respectability: vn. I | ṣāḥibaẗ al-ṣawn, n.f., hononary title of ladies of high social standing.
►ṣiwān, ṣuwān, pl. ʔaṣwinaẗ, n., cupboard, case.
►ṣiyānaẗ = ṣawn; ^BP#2557maintenance vn. I | malak al-ṣiyānaẗ, n., guardian angel (Chr.).
►ṣāʔin, n., 1 preserver, sustainer, maintainer, keeper, guardian, protector; 2 adj., protective: PA I.
►maṣūn, adj., 1 well-protected, well-kept, well-guarded, sheltered; 2a chaste, virtuous (woman); b also an epithet for women: PP I.

For other values attached to the “root”, see ↗ṣawwān as well as, for the overall picture, “root” entry ↗√ṢWN.

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