Bibliotheca Polyglotta

to bore, pierce, perforate, breach, make a hole or breach, punch or drill a hole; to dig, dig up, dig out, excavate, hollow out; to traverse (fī a country), pass, travel (fī through); to inquire, ask, look, search (ʕan for), examine thoroughly, investigate, explore, search into, delve into – WehrCowan1979.

conc

▪ From protSem *√NQB ‘to pierce’ – Huehnergard2011.
…

hist

–

cogn

▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘to pierce’) Akk nqb (i) ‘deflower’ [CAD: naqābu ‘to deflower, rape’], Hbr nqb a (o), Syr nqb a (u), SAr nqb.
▪ BDB 1906: Ass naḳbu ‘depth, spring’ (of water) [CAD: nagbu ‘spring, fountain; underground water’], Hbr nāqaḇ ‘to pierce’, Aram nᵊqaḇ, Syr nqaḇ ‘piercing, boring through’, Ar naqaba ‘to perforate, pierce; to scrutinize’, naqībaẗ ‘sagacity’, naqīb ‘leader, chief’ (one who scrutinizes). – Hbr näqäḇ appar. a ‘pass’ on border of Naphtali, Ar naqb ‘road between mountains’. – Hbr maqqǟḇǟṯ 1. ‘hammer’ (by means of which on drives in nails and pegs), 2. ‘hole, excavation’.

disc

▪ Ehret1995#645 (naqb to till or cultivate the ground; hollow out, excavate): an extension in »extendative« *‑b ¹ from a bi-consonantal »pre-Proto-Semitic« (pPS, i.e. preSem) root *nḳ ‘to scrape’ < AfrAs *‑ɲuuk'‑ ‘to rub’. – Other extensions from the same pre-Sem root: NQṮ_2 • NQḤ • NQR • NQŠ_2.

1. Cf. Ehret1995_Verbext

west

▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl Maccabee, from Hbr maqqebet (< *manqabt‑) ‘hammer’, from nāqab ‘to pierce’.
▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl niqab, from Ar niqāb ‘veil’, from naqaba ‘to pierce, bore a hole, perforate’.

deriv

► naqiba, a (naqab), vb. I, to be perforated, be full of holes: denom. from naqb (?).
► naqqaba, vb. II, to dig (ʕan for); to drill (ʕan for, e.g., for oil); to explore, study, investigate (ʕan s.th.), penetrate, delve, search (ʕan into), look, search (ʕan for); to travel (fī through): intens. of I (?).
► nāqaba, vb. III, to vie in virtues (‑hu with s.o.):.
► tanaqqaba, vb. V, to examine, study, investigate (ʕan s.th.), look, search (ʕan for): t-stem of II, reflexive; to veil her face (woman): denom. from niqāb; to be perforated, be full of holes: pseudo-pass. of II, denom. from naqb.
► ĭntaqaba, vb. VIII, to put on a veil, veil one’s face: denom. from niqāb.

► naqb, n., digging, excavation; piercing, perforation; — (pl. ʔanqāb, niqāb) hole, opening, breach; boring, bore; tunnel: the proper etymon?
► naqqāb, n., punch: ints.
► ^BP#3999niqāb, pl. nuqub, ʔanqibaẗ, n., veil: »voile dans lequel on a pratiqué deux trous à l’endroit des yeux« (Dozy ii 1881) | kašafa ‘l-niqāb ʕan to uncover, reveal, disclose s.th.
► ^BP#2150niqābaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n., cooperative society; union, association, guild; corporation; syndicate; trade-union, labor union: originally, the office of a naqīb I n. al-ʕummāl, n., trade-union, labor union; n. mihniyyaẗ, n., white collar union:.
► ^BP#4926niqābī, adj., cooperative; syndicalistic; syndicalist; trade-unionist: nsb-adj from niqābaẗ.
► niqābiyyaẗ, n.f., syndicalism; trade-unionism: n.abstr. in ‑iyyaẗ, from niqābaẗ.
► ^BP#3877naqīb, pl. nuqabāʔᵘ, n., leader, head, headman; director, principal, chief; chairman of a guild; president; syndic, corporation lawyer; head of a labour or trade union; captain (in most Arab countries; mil.); staff sergeant, first sergeant (Jord.; mil.); tongue of a balance: properly, ‘one who sees through things, one whose view penetrates’, hence: ‘one who has overview, can oversee’ | n. al-ʔašrāf, n., head of the Alids, head of the descendants of the Prophet:.
► naqībaẗ, pl. naqāʔibᵘ, n., soul, spirit, mind, intellect; natural disposition, nature, temper, character: < *‘the ability to penetrate (a subject) intelletually, to examine, investigate’ (?).
► manqib, minqab, and manqabaẗ, pl. manāqibᵘ, n., mountain trail, defile, pass: *‘trail digged into the mountain’ (?).
► minqab and minqabaẗ, n.f., punch, perforator, drill; lancet: n.instr.
► manāqibᵘ, n.pl., virtues, outstanding traits; glorious deeds, feats, exploits: *‘deeds that exceed the usual and penetrate into the spheres of glory’ (?).
► ^BP#4923tanqīb, pl. ‑āt, n., drilling (esp., for oil); digging, excavation; investigation, examination, inquiry, search, exploration, research: vn. II.
► tanqībī, adj.: biʔr tanqībiyyaẗ, drilled well, exploratory well (oil industry): nsb-adj from tanqīb.
► munaqqib, pl. ‑ūn, n., drilling or excavation specialist; excavator; prospector; investigator, researcher, scholar, explorer: nominalized and lexicalized PA II.

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