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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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širkaẗ ~ šarikaẗ شِرْكة / شَرِكة
meta
Sw – • BP 118 • APD … • © SG | 7Jun2023
√ŠRK
gram
n.f.
engl
1 partnership; 2 communion (Chr.); 3a (pl. šarikāt) association, companionship; b company, corporation (com.); c commercial enterprise (Isl. Law); d establishment, firm, business – WehrCowan1976
conc
▪ The basic meaning of the f. form of the vn. of vb. I ↗šarika ‘to share, associate, participate in’ etc. is [v1] ‘partnership’. In Christian contexts, this ‘partnership’ was used in the sense of ‘communion’ [v2]. In MSA, and prob. as the result of a calque from Fr companie, associaton, širkaẗ also became used for [v3] ‘company, firm, business, commercial enterprise’.
▪ …
hist
▪ …
cogn
▪ ↗šarika
disc
▪ …
west
▪ Tu şirket: [ʿĀşıḳ Paşa, Ġarīb-nāme, 1330] bağ u çift ü şirket ü bazār / ögi ussı durmadın anı düzer [‘...are related, are associates, are companions’] – Nişanyan_21Apr2015. – For şerik (şürekâ), teşrik, iştirak (müşterek), see ↗šarika.
deriv
►širkaẗ al-taʔmīn, insurance company;
►širkaẗ tiǧāriyyaẗ, trading company, firm;
širkaẗ al-ʔiḏāʕaẗ, broadcasting corporation;
širkaẗ al-musāhamaẗ, joint-stock company, corporation;
širkaẗ sihāmiyyaẗ, do.;
širkaẗ al-šarikāt, trust (com.)

For values related to ‘sharing, participation, etc.’ in general, see ↗šarika.
For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗širk, ↗ĭštirākī, ↗ĭštirākiyyaẗ, ↗šarak, ↗šuruk, ↗širāk, (EgAr) ↗šurayk.
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