Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ A number of sources regard the notion of ‘to incline, turn aside’ (≙ DRS #ZW/YR-1a) as the etymon on which other main semantic complexes of the root ZWR, particularly ‘to visit’ (↗zāra, ≙ DRS #1f) and ‘lie, falsehood’ (↗zūr_1, ≙ DRS #ZW/YR-1b), are dependent. The latter is still also a value of zawar itself [v2].
▪ In [v3], the original ‘inclination’ is applied to the eyes.

hist

▪ eC7 tazāwara ʕan (to swerve away from, bypass, steer clear of, veer away from) Q 18:17 wa-tarà ’l-šamsa ʔiḏā ṭalaʕat ta[ta]zāwaru ʕan kahfi-him ḏāta ’l-yamīni ‘you could see the sun, as it rose, veering away from their cave towards the right’

cogn

▪ DRS 8 (1999)#ZW/YR-1 (a) Akk zāru ‘tordre, être tordu’, Hbr JP zār ‘s’écarter de’, zawwēr ‘rouler’, Ar zawira ‘être penché, courbé; aller en biais’, (b) zāra ‘mentir, accuser faussement’, zawwara ‘altérer, falsifier, défigurer, embellir, orner’, zūr ‘mensonge vanité’, (c) zuraẗ ‘fois’, S Ar zāra ‘quelquefois’, Syr zawar ‘regarder de travers’, Gz Te Arg zora, Tña Amh Gur zorä, Gaf zärä ‘tourner, aller autour’, Gz zawwara ‘durer, subsister’; Amh zäwärwärra ‘vagabond; tortueux (chemin)’, zəwərwər ‘en vrille’, žort ‘hérisson’. – (d)? Akk zēru ‘ne pas aimer, haïr, éviter; abandonner’, zayyār ‘ennemi’, Hbr zār, Phoen oYa zr ‘étranger, d’autrui’, TargAram zār ‘loger chez qn’. – (e) Ar zīr ‘qui est en colère’; (f) zāra ‘visiter (un lieu saint)’, MġrAr zār ‘rendre visite’; zyāra ‘visite’; Qat štzr ‘tenter de visiter’, Mhr Jib Ḥrs zōr ‘visiter’, Te Amh Gur zäyyärä ‘visiter, aller en pèlerinage’, Te təzäyyärä ‘être fatigué, épuisé’. – (g) Ar zawr : ombre que l’on voit dans le sommeil.

disc

▪ According to some, the notion of ‘to incline, turn aside, be crooked’ (DRS #ZW/YR-1a) is the basic value from which also the complexes of ‘to visit’ (DRS #ZW/YR-1f, ↗zāra) and perh. also of ‘lie, falsehood’ (DRS #ZW/YR-1b, ↗zūr) are derived.
▪ Is there any relation to ↗zawr ‘upper part of the chest’? The obsol. intr. vb. I, ^†zawira ‘to have a distorted zawr ’ could be an interesting link in which both values overlap.
▪ The obsol. ^†zawraẗ ‘one time’ (≙ DRS #ZW/YR-1c) is probably also from ‘to turn aside’. According to DRS, Nöldeke (in Landberg, Glos. 1875) had already observed that there are parallel pairs ‘one time/ vb. of motion’, cf. e.g., ↗marraẗ and vb. ↗marra ‘to pass by’, ↗ṭawr and vb. ^†ṭāra ‘to go round, hover round, approach’ (↗ṬWR), ↗tāraẗ and vb. ^†tāra ‘to run, flow’ (↗TWR).
▪ The word ^†zawrāʔᵘ which in ClassAr can mean ‘deep (well)’, ‘silver vessel’, ‘Bagdad (town)’, or ‘Tigris (river)’, is apparently the f. of the adj. ʔazwarᵘ, but semantics are not really evident. Are all these items called zawrāʔᵘ because of their crookedness?

west

–

deriv

► ĭzwarra, vb. IX, 1 to turn aside, turn away, dissociate o.s. (ʕan from); 2 to be averse (ʕan to s.th.); ~ bi-hī, expr., to turn s.o. away, alienate s.o. (ʕan from): R₃ gem. stem for colours and handicaps, denom., intr.

► ʔazwarᵘ, f. zawrāʔᵘ, pl. zūr, adj., 1 inclined, slanting, oblique; 2 crooked, curved; 3 squint-eyed, cross-eyed: ʔafʕal for colours and handicaps.
► ĭzwirār, n., 1 turning away; 2 (fig.) averseness, aversion, dislike, distaste: vn. IX.

For other values of the root, cf. ↗zāra, ↗zawr, ↗zīr, ↗zūr, and (for the general picture) ↗ZWR. – Cf. also ↗ZYR.

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