Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ From WSem *gawp‑ ‘hollow’ < Sem *GWP ‘hollow; to be empty’ (Dolgopolsky, who even reconstructs Nostr *gup˅ʔ˹û˺ ‘hollow, empty; hole’). Orel&Stolbova reconstruct Sem *gawp‑ ‘heart, middle, interior; body’, from AfrAs *gaw˅f‑ ‘interior’.

hist

▪ eC7 (interior, inside, cavity) Q 33:4 mā ǧaʕala ’llāhu li-raǧulin min qalbayni fī ǧawfi-hī ‘God does not give a man two hearts inside him’.
▪ Hava1899 still lists some older forms, now obsolete: ^†ǧawifa a (ǧawaf), vb. I, ‘to be hollow, empty’; ^†ǧāfa u (ǧawf), vb. I, and ^†ʔaǧāfa, vb. IV, ‘to pierce the abdomen (with a spear)’; ^†ǧāʔifaẗ, pl. ǧawāʔifᵘ, nominalized adj., ‘penetrating (thrust)’; ^†maǧūf and ǧuwafī, adj., ‘big-bellied’.

cogn

▪ DRS 2 (1994)#GWP-1: Hbr *gūpā ‘cadavre’, *gap dans be -gappō ‘avec son corps = seul’; nHbr gūp, EmpAram gp, Ḥat gwph ‘dépouille (?)’, JP gūpā ‘corps, personne’, Ar ǧawf ‘creux, ventre, poitrine, entraille, cœur’, ǧīfaẗ ‘cadavre’; Te gof ‘intérieur du corps, cœur, âme’.
▪ Zammit2002: Ug gpt ‘caves’ (Tropper2008: sg. or pl., ‘inner part of mountain area’), Aram gūpā ‘body; self, substance’, Hbr gūpā (late; < Aram) ‘body, corpse’.
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#909: Hbr gūp ‘body’, Arab ǧawf, Te gof ‘heart, middle, interior’. – Outside Sem: guguvi, gugufɛ, guguf-in ‘heart’, gugufi, guguf-in (partial redupl.) ‘lungs’ in some CCh langs.
▪ Dolgopolsky2002#651: Ug gpt (= *gōp-āt-) ‘caves’, Ar ǧawf ‘hollow, inside of a house, belly’, ǧawfu ’l-layl ‘middle of the night’, pl. ʔaǧwāf ‘entrails’, Te gof (pl. ʔagwāf) ‘interior, heart, soul’, Mhr Ḥrs gawf- ‘chest’; Ar √ǧwf (impfv -ǧwaf-) ‘to be hollow; to be empty’. – Outside Sem: [Cush:] Som N {Abr.} gōf ‘empty hollow in ground; empty well, dried-up well’, Som {ZMO} gōf ‘dried-up well; dry riverbed’, {DSI} gōf ‘id.; orbita dell’occhio’; [Chad: ECh:] Smr {J} gúbɜ̀ ‘hole’; [WCh:] Dw {ChL} gup, Zar {ChL} gŭp ‘chest’; Dir {Sk., ChC} gúbàḍú ‘chest’; [CCh:] Gude {ChL} guwa, FlJ gùwì, Nz {Mch} gọ́wę, {ChL} gòʔo, FlB {ChL} gùʔùn, Bcm {ChC} gwé, {ChL} gwɛ́y, FlM {ChL} ɛ̀gʷō̆ ‘hole’, Lmn {Lk.} òghùbù, óghbù ‘id.’. – Also related is #650: BiblHbr *gūp̄āh ‘corpse’ (st.constr. gūp̄aṯ, pl. gūp̄ōṯ), JA mHbr gūp̄ ‘body’ (JA kem. gūp̄ā), JEA gūp̄ā ‘body, self’, Htr gwp ‘person’ (or ‘corpse, dead body’), Ar ǧīf-aẗ ‘corpse’, Jib C mgɔffɔt, Jib E mɜgɜfɔt ‘corpse, carcass’. – Outside Sem: oTu k|gövdöŋ, Tkm göwde ‘corpse, torso, trunk of a body’, Uz gavda ‘id.’, Tu gövde ‘trunk of a body\tree’. – [IE:] Grk gýpē [Call.] ‘cave’, [Hs.] ‘hollow in the earth; lurking place, den; vulture’s nest’; [Germ:] oNo kofi ‘small chamber, hut’, Isl kofi ‘hut’, nNor kove ‘larder, storeroom’, mHGe kobe ‘stall, pigsty; cage; cavity (Höhlung)’, nHGe Koben, nLGe Kofen ‘pigsty’, oSax cofa ‘cave, chamber, pigsty’, nEngl cove ‘concavity or recessed place in a structure’; [Slav] Pol żupa, Uk župa ‘salt pit’, oChSlav župište ‘grave’.

disc

▪ DRS 2 (1994)#GWP-1: La notion de base est celle de ‘creux’ d’où ‘intérieur du corps, corps’. – Les formes Hbr sont des aramaïsmes (so also Zammit2002). – Te < Ar. – Cf. GWṮ, GYP.
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#909: From Sem *gawp- ‘¹body; ²heart, middle, interior’; together with CCh *gu-guf- ‘¹heart; ²lungs’ from AfrAs *gaw˅f- ‘interior’.
▪ Dolgopolsky2002#651 reconstructs WSem *gawp- ‘hollow’ < Sem *GWP ‘id.; to be empty’. On account of the evidence from ECush, EChad and WChad, the author also assumes an AfrAs dimension (no reconstruction given), which he then puts together with IE *geu̪p- / *gou̪p- / *gup- ‘hollow, pit’, all having as their ultimate ancestor Nostr *gup˅ʔ˹û˺ ‘hollow, empty; hole’.

west

–

deriv

► fī ǧawf…, prep., inside, in the interior of, in the middle of | fī ǧawf al-layl or ǧawfa ’l-layl, adv., in the middle of the night

► ǧawwafa, vb. II, to make hollow, hollow out: denom.

► ǧawfī, adj., 1 inner, interior, inside; 2 subterranean, underground, subsurface (of geological strata); 3 northern (maġr.): nsb-adj. | miyāh ǧawfiyyaẗ, n.pl., ground water
► ʔaǧwafᵘ, f. ǧawfāʔᵘ, pl. ǧūf, adj., 1 hollow; empty; 2 vain, futile, inane, pointless, senseless: elat.
► taǧwīf, pl. taǧāwīfᵘ, n., hollow, hollow space; cavity (also anat.): originally a vn. II, then resultative | ~ al-baṭn, n., abdominal cavity (anat.); ~ al-qalb, n., heart ventricle (anat.)
► muǧawwaf, adj., hollowed out, hollow: PP II.

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