Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ MilitarevKogan2000 (SED I #157) reconstruct protSem *kʷirāʕ- ‘knee and shin-bone; lower leg (of animal)’ as the “ancestor” of the Ar word and its cognates. Cf., however, EthSem and modSAr with forms that make this reconstruction slightly doubtful (see COGN and DISC).
▪ Closely associated with the shanks or shinbones was their ‘thinness’, cf. the historically attested n. ^†²karaʕ ‘thinness of the shank’ and the adj. ^†ʔakraʕᵘ ‘thin-legged, thin-armed’. Semantically and phonologically close are also ^†²kariya ‘to have thin and parted legs’ and ^†karāⁿ ‘thinness of the shank’ (cf. ↗^†KRY_5). The idea of ‘thinness’ is prob. the basis for fig. use in ^†²kurāʕ ‘long, stony tract of land, slope’ as well as ^†karrāʕaẗ ‘professional singer, dancer; loose woman’.
▪ For ‘to sip’ as possible derivation (< *‘to kneel down on the kurāʕ to drink from a water-source’), see ↗karaʕa ~ kariʕa.
▪ Cf. also ↗rakaʕa ‘to bend the body, bow (esp. in prayer); to kneel down, drop to one's knees’. According to MilitarevKogan2000 (SED I), »the widespread verbal root ↗RKʕ ‘to kneel’ (Hbr, Ar, Ug) […]is likely related to this nominal root«.
▪ …

hist

▪ ^†¹kurāʕ (f., also m.) ‘shank, shinbone; leg’, ^†²karaʕ ‘thinness of the shank’, ^†karraʕa ‘to cut off s.o.’s shanks’, ^†ʔakraʕᵘ ‘thin-legged, thin-armed’
▪ ...

cogn

▪ DRS #KRʕ-1 Ug krʕ ‘jarret, articulation’, Hbr kāraʕ ‘plier les genoux, s’agenouiller’, kᵊraʕ ‘jambe, péroné’, kᵊrāʕīm ‘pattes’, JudPalAram kᵊraʕ ‘se baisser, s’agenouiller’, karʕā ‘genou, jambe’, Mnd kraia ‘pied, jambe, patte’, Syr kᵊrāʕā ‘jambe’, Ar kurāʕ ‘pied de mouton ou de bœuf; bas de la jambe, tibia (chez l’homme)’, kirʕān ‘extrémités’, Sab krʕ ‘patte de chameau’, Jib kermoʕ (pl. kurūʕ) ‘talon’, Soq šerʕan, šerḥan, šerʕehan (pl.), Mhr śərayn (pl. śərōn) | Outside Sem: Dem gr.t ‘pied’, ^SCopt čra ‘jambe’. - ? 2 Ar karaʕa ‘boire sans le secours des mains ; boire (animal)’ ; EAr karraʕ ‘boire avec excès’, karʕaẗ ‘gorgée’, YemAr karaʕ ‘eau de pluie qui remplit les fossés et les creux’, karraʕ ‘répandre, disperser, disséminer’. -3-5 [...].
▪ MilitarevKogan2000 (SED I) #157: Akk kurītu ‘shin (of animals)’, Ug krʕ ‘jarrete, artejo’, Hbr kᵊrāʕayim (du.) ‘lower leg, fibula’, JudAram karʕā, krʕ, pl. krʕyn, kwrʕn ‘knee, leg’, Syr kᵊrāʕā ‘crus’, Mnd kraia ‘foot, leg’, Ar kurāʕ ‘partie la plus mince de la jambe entre le pied et le genou; os du tibia | shank, shinbone; leg’, DaṯAr kirʕān ‘tibia de l’homme et jambe de la bête’, Sab krʕ ‘leg of a camel’, Gz kʷərnāʕ ‘elbow, forearm’, Tña kʷərnaʕ ‘gomito’, Amh kərn ‘elbow, point of the elbow’, Arg kərra ‘arm, elbow’, kərn ‘elbow’, Har kuruʔ ‘cubit, arm’, Sel kəre, Wol həri, Zwy hərə ‘arm, cubit, arm below the elbow’, Gog Sod kərrä, Muh Msq ḫərrä, Cha ḫənä, Eža ḫənnä, Enn Gye ḫənʔä, Msq ḫənnä ‘id.’
▪ Cf. also ↗rakaʕa.
▪ ...

disc

▪ DRS #KRʕ-1 : « Les formes du modSAr manifestent une certaine complexité. Celle du singulier en Jib kermoʕ ‘talon’ comporte un -m- absent du pl. kuruʕ, lequel se rattache directement au radical krʕ ; en Soq alors que le sg. śab est relié à une autre racine (v. s. Šʔ/YP), les pl. šerʕan, šerḥan, šerʕehan, pourraient témoigner d’une prépalatalisation de la première consonne, mais reproduisent dans leur structure une forme analogue à celle de l’Ar kirʕān. Le sg. en Mhr s̃orayn ‘jambe’, s’il ne correspond pas à une racine qui ne nous est pas connue, peut être un fait (non évident) de dérivation régressive. SED 141 #157 propose une forme reconstruite *kʷirāʕ- ‘genou et tibia ; partie inférieure de la patte d’un animal’. Mais on ne peut pas ne pas tenir compte de l’existence en Sem d’une racine ŠRʔ/Y/W : Akk šerʔān-, šerḫān- ‘ligament, articulation, tendon, veine, artère’, Syr šārtītā ‘articulation’, šeryānā ‘articulation, artère’ > Ar ↗šaryān ‘artère’ ; Gz šerw ‘tendon, nerf, muscle’ signifie aussi ‘racine, origine, etc.’ ; c’est probablement la raison pour laquelle on l’a rattaché souvent à ŠRR, ŠRŠ (par exemple Leslau CDG 535); voir cependant sous ces racines. »
▪ MilitarevKogan2000 (SED I #157): » -n- in some of the EthSem examples may be an old suffix incorporated into the stem (cf., however, modSAr). [...] Cf. also Jib kɛrmóʕ, pl. kurūʕ, ‘heel’ with a plausible meaning shift (and -m- < *-n-?). Other modSAr forms possibly related to the present root with metathesis (and loss of -ʕ ?) are: Mhr Qishn rḗkən ‘joint’ and Soq rékin ‘os | poignet; coude; épaule; phalange; articulation; os’ [...].«
▪ See also above, section CONC.
▪ ...

west

–

deriv

►ʔakāriʕ al-ʔarḍ (pl.), the remotest areas of the earth

►kāriʕ, pl. kawāriʕᵘ, n., 1a foot, trotter; b ankle, anklebone; c pl. (EgAr) dish prepared of sheep’s trotters
►takarraʕa, vb. V, 1 to wash one’s feet, perform the partial ablution of the legs (in preparation for prayer); 2 to belch, burp, eruct

For other meanings attached to the root, cf. ↗karaʕa ~ kariʕa as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗√KRʕ.

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