Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ A root revolving around the thematic complex of *‘hostility, rivalry’ and ‘causing harm’ is well-attested throughout Sem, see section CONC.
▪ From this root, another widespread item is derived: the ‘rival-wife’ (↗ḍarraẗ).
▪ Another derivation (in Ar only) is the adj. ‘blind’, lit. *‘harmed, injured, suffering a loss of eye-sight’ (↗ḍarīr).
▪ It is tempting to derive also the theme of ‘being compelled’ (↗ḍarūraẗ) from a primary *‘hostility, rivalry’, interpreting it as the result of imminent aggression or danger represented by an enemy, causing a feeling of ‘being forced’ into a situation of ‘emergency’, hence also ‘necessity, constraint’ in general. Etymologically, however, ‘to be compelled’ may be a distinct value (see (↗ḍarūraẗ), dependent on the notion of *‘to bind, tie up, restrict’ (see below, section COGN).

hist

▪ …

cogn

▪ ḌR: (ḌRR)_1 : (BDB1906, Leslau2006) Akk ṣarāru ‘to be hostile’, ṣarru ‘foe’, Ug *ṣrr ‘to hurt, afflict’, ṣr-t ‘enemy’, Hbr ṣārar ‘to shew hostility toward, vex’, Hbr nHbr ṣar ‘adversary, foe’, Aram ʕār ‘enemy’, Soq ḍer(r) ‘to strike’, SAr ḍrr ‘to wage war’, Sab ḍr ‘war; foe’, m-ṣr ‘Feldzug’ (Müller2010), Gz ʔaḍrara ‘to become an enemy, be hostile, stir up trouble, start a fight\war’, Te (tə)ṣarära, Tña (tə)ṣarärä ‘to be hostile’, Amh (tä)ṭarrärä ‘to quarrel, be enemiesḍrr, Tña ṣär, Amh ṭäro ‘enemy’.¹ .
▪ Cf. also s.v. ↗ḍarraẗ for the related ‘rival-wife’.
▪ …

1. Cf. also the expr. Tña Amh Gur ṣärä\ṭärä Maryam ‘Protestant’, lit. *‘enemy of Mary’.

disc

See above, section CONC.

west

…

deriv

►ḍarrara, vb. II, to damage, harm, prejudice: D‑stem, ints.
►ḍārra, vb. III, = I.
►ʔaḍarra, vb. IV, 1 = I. – (Perh. rather related to ↗ḍarūraẗ: 2a to force, compel, coerce, oblige; 2b to do violence, bring pressure to bear: *Š-stem, caus.). – 3 ↗ḍarraẗ.
►taḍarrara, vb. V, 1a to be damaged, harmed, impaired, prejudiced, hurt, or injured; 1b to suffer damage or loss; 2 to complain.
►ĭnḍarra, vb. VII, to be damaged, harmed, impaired, prejudiced, hurt, or injured; to suffer damage or loss.

►ḍurr, ḍarr, n., 1adamage, harm, impairment, prejudice, detriment, injury, hurt; 1b loss, disadvantage.
►ḍirr, ḍurr, n., ↗¹ḍarraẗ.
►ḍarraẗ, pl. ‑āt, ḍarāʔirᵘ, n.f., ↗¹ḍarraṭ; 2 ↗²ḍarraṭ.
► ^BP#1724ḍarar, pl. ʔaḍrār, n., 1 harm, damage, detriment; 2 loss, disadvantage | mā ’l-ḍarar?, what does it matter! what’s the harm of it?; ʔaḫaff al-ḍararayn, n., the lesser of the two evils.
►ḍarrāʔᵘ, n., distress, adversity | fī ’ṣ-ṣarrāʔ wa’l-ḍarrāʔ, adv., in good and bad days, for better or for worse.
►ḍarīr, adj., blind: quasi-PP, ↗s.v..
►maḍarraẗ, pl. ‑āt, maḍārr, n.f., harm, damage, detriment, loss, disadvantage (ʕalà for).
►ʔiḍrār, n., harm, injury, detriment (jur.): vn. IV.
►ḍārr, adj., harmful, injurious, detrimental, noxious, disadvantageous: PA I.
►muḍirr, adj., harmful, injurious, detrimental, noxious, disadvantageous (bi to, for): PA IV.
► ^BP#3783mutaḍarrir, 1 adj., a damaged; b injured; 2 n., victim: PA V.

For other items of the root, cf. ↗ḍarūraẗ, ↗¹ḍarraẗ, ↗²ḍarrat, ↗ḍarīr, as well as, for the overall picture, ↗√ḌRː(ḌRR)

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