Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ From protCSem *g˅d˅r- ‘fence, to wall, build walls’ – Kogan2015:208 #6; noun *gadir‑ ‘wall’ – Huehnergard2011. – See also below, section DISC.
▪ A relation to other ǦDR items (↗ǧadura ‘to be fit, suitable, worthy’; ↗ǧudarī ‘smallpox’ < *‘to sprout, shoot forth’) seems rather unlikely.
▪ …

hist

▪ (Hava1899): ǧadara ‘to wall, inclose s.th. in a walls, conceal o.s. behind a wall’, ǧadīraẗ (quasi-PP.f) ‘inclosure for cattle; walled garden’, ǧaddara (II) and ĭǧtadara (VIII) ‘to raise (a building)’
▪ …

cogn

▪ DRS 2 (1994) #GDR-1 Hbr gādēr ‘mur en pierres’, Aram gdrʔ ‘tas de pierres’, TalmAram gᵊdērā, gādērā ‘clôture séparation’; Ar ǧadr, ǧidār, Min gdr ‘mur’; Te gədar, gədor ‘aux alentours de, à côté de’, gudur ‘parois de la hutte, mur de la maison’, Tña gidar ‘sorte de hangar pour les animaux’. -?2 Akk gadar- ‘ceinture (?)’.¹ -3-7 […].
▪ Zammit2002, Kogan2015:208 #6 : Ug gdrt ‘Umfriedung’,² Hbr gādēr ‘wall’, JBA gādērā ‘fence’, gᵊdar ‘to fence in’,³ , Syr gedrā ‘pond, pool’ (< Ar), Min gdr ‘mur’, Ar ǧadr, ǧidār, ǧadīraẗ ‘wall’, Te gədar ‘in the surroundings of, at the side of’, gudur ‘parois de hutte, mur de la maison’, Tña gidaro ‘a kind of enclosure made of sticks and thorns in which cattle spend the night while in the fields’, Mhr gīdōr, Jib gédɔ́r ‘wall, cairn, piled stones’.⁴
▪ Outside Sem: cf. Berb agadir ‘fort, fortress, citadel’ (DRS 2 1994 ad #GDR-1)?
▪ …

1. »Empr. sum.? AHW 273.« 2. Kogan2015: »Hapax legomenon in a difficult context: k ʔapʕ ʔil b gdrt ‘Like a divine viper in a hedge’ (1.19 i 13).« 3. Kogan2015: »Since the root is sparsely attested in Aram, one may be inclined to consider the JBA forms to be Hebraisms.« 4. Kogan2015: »In both cases [Mhr Jib], Ar loanwords are likely (explicitly recognized for the EthSem forms in DRS 102 and Leslau 1990: 152, but cf. Marrassini 1971: 50-53). – Footnote: Cha Enm Muh gadər, Enm End Gyt gaʔadər, Sel gādra ‘cattle pen inside the house’, are thought to be borrowed from Cushitic by Leslau.«

disc

▪ Also related to (or ultimately derived from?) forms without final ‑R ? If so, one may have to compare the complex listed by Dolgopolsky2012 sub #598: Nostr *gad˹a˺ ‘bank, shore, side of s.th.’ > CSem *giday- ~ *guday- ‘bank, side of a river’, *°gadd- ‘id.’ > BiblHbr gəḏ-ōṯ-āw ~ giḏy-ōṯ-āw ‘its banks’ (presumably forms of *giḏyā), Mnd gada, gida, g(i)dada ‘bank, riverside, waterside’, JA JEA gudd-ā ‘wall, side’, Ar ǧudd ‘côté, bord (de toute chose)’ [↗Ǧuddaẗ], ǧidd, ǧidd-aẗ ‘bord, rive (d’un fleuve)’, ǧadd ‘rivage, bord (d’un fleuve), surface de la terre’.
▪ …

west

▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl Cadiz, from Lat Gades, from Phoen *gadir ‘wall’, akin to Ar ǧadr, ǧidār ‘wall’.

deriv

►ǧadr, n., wall: var. of ǧidār, perh. orig. vn. I, from ^†ǧadara ‘to inclose, infence’
►ǧidārī, adj., mural, wall (adj.): nsb-adj.

For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗ǧadura, ↗ǧudarī, and (EgAr LevAr)↗muǧaddaraẗ, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗√ǦDR.

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