Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Jeffery1938: »Besides the verb we find in the Qurʔān ṣalāẗ ‘prayer’, muṣalliⁿ ‘one who prays’, and muṣallàⁿ ‘place of prayer’. ṣallà, however, is denominative from ṣalāẗ, as Sprenger, Leben, iii, 527, n. 2, had noted,¹ and ṣalāẗ itself seems to have been borrowed from an Aram source (Nöldeke, GdQ, 255, 281).
The origin, of course, is from [Aram] ṣlwtʔ = [Syr] ṣlōṯā, as has been generally recognized,² for the Eth [Gz] ṣalōt is from the same source (Nöldeke, Neue Beiträge, 36). It may have been from JudAram but more probably from Syr,³ for the common phrase [Ar] ʔaqāma ’l-ṣalāẗ, as Wensinck, Joden, 105, notes, is good Syr. It was an early borrowing (Horovitz, JPN, 185), used in the early poets and thus quite familiar in pre-Islamic days,⁴ and the substantive [SAr] ṣlw ‘preces’ is found in the SAr inscriptions (Rossini, Glossarium, 224).«
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1. The primary meaning of ṣallà is ‘to roast’, cf. Hbr ṣālâʰ, Eth [Gz] ṣalawa. al-Ḫafāǧī, 124, seems to feel that ṣallà is a borrowed form. 2. Fraenkel, Vocab, 21; Wensinck, EI, Art. Ṣalāt; Bell, Origin, 51, 91, 142; Pautz, Offenbarung, 149; Rudolph, Abhängigkeit, 56; Grunbaum, ZDMG, xl, 275; Mittwoch, Entstehungsgeschichte des islamischen Gebets, pp. 6, 7 ff.; Zimmern, Akkad. Fremdw, 65; Ahrens, Muhammed, 117. 3. Mingana, Syr Influence, 86; Schwally, Idioticon, 80, 125. 4. Nöldeke, Neue Beiträge, 29, and cf. Geyer, Zwei Gedichte, i, 203 = Dīwān, iv, 11.

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