Bibliotheca Polyglotta

1 to compute, reckon, calculate; 2 to count; 3 to charge, debit (ʕalà s.th. to s.o., to s.o.’s account); 4 to credit (ʕalà s.th. to s.o., to s.o.’s account) – WehrCowan1976.

conc

▪ Together with its “sisters”, ↗ḥasiba and ↗ḥasuba, the vb. ḥasaba belongs to a larger complex derived from a protSem *ḤŠB ‘to count, take into account’. The primary value is well best preserved in Ar ḥasaba. The most widespread among the many secondary meanings that have sprung from the basic idea is prob. ‘to consider, estimate, reckon with, think, believe’ (WSem: Hbr, Aram, EthSem, Ar ↗ḥasiba). Ar itself displays the highest degree of variation within derivation, spanning from ‘charging, debiting, crediting’ and ‘sufficiency, satiety’ (< *‘to content o.s. with, or resign in, what God has decreed to be one’s lot, in this way adding a pious deed to one’s account with God’, ↗ḥasb) over ‘paying respect, holding in high esteem, merits earned by way of a honorable life, nobility’ (↗ḥasuba) to modern developments such as ‘book-keeping, accounting’ (↗muḥāsabaẗ) and ‘computer’ (↗ḥāsūb); ultimately, also ↗maḥsūb ‘pet, favorite’ prob. belongs here (< *‘held in high esteem’). – For the relationship betw. ‘counting, taking into account’ and ‘sufficiency’ (and also ^†‘burial’!), see ḥasb.
▪ …

hist

▪ …

cogn

▪ DRS 9 (2010) #ḤŠB-1 Akk ḥašābu, ḫašābu ‘compter’, Phoen Pun ḥšb, Hbr ḥāšab ‘compter, tenir compte de, faire attention, penser’, Aram ḥᵃšeb, Nab ḥšb ‘compter, imputer, penser’, Syr ḥᵊšab, Mnd hšb ‘penser’; Ar ḥasaba ‘compter’, ḥasiba ‘estimer, supposer’, ḥasb ‘suffisance’, ḥasab ‘mérite’, ḥisāb ‘compte, calcul’, ḥisbān ‘conjecture’; Sab ḥtšb ‘prendre en compte’, Mhr ḥəsūb, Ḥrs ḥəsōb, Jib ḥsɔ́b, Soq ḥoseb, ‘compter; compter sur’, Mhr Ḥrs ḥəsōb, Jib ḥsɔ́b ‘compte’; Gz hasaba ‘estimer, croire’, ḥassaba ‘compter’, Tña hasäbä, Te ḥasba, Har ḥēsäba, Amh assäbä, Gur asäbä ‘penser, réfléchir’. – Ug ḥṯbn [Tropper2008: /ḥi/uṯbānu/], Hbr ḥešbôn, EmpAram Palm hšbn, JP ḥešbānā, Syr Mnd ḥūšbānā, Ar ḥusbān ‘compte’; ḥusbān ‘peine, calamité’, Jib oḥōsub ‘tourmenter; rembarrer en permanence’. -2 […]. -3 ḥasb ‘inhumation d’un mort’. -4 […].
▪ …

disc

▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ For the institution of the ^†ḥisbaẗ and the muḥtasib (Hava1899: ʻinspector of weigths and measures’) that played an important role in urban life in the medieval Islamicate world, cf. section DISC (on [v1]) in root entry ↗√ḤSB.
▪ …

west

–

deriv

►ḥasaba ḥisāba-hū, vb. I, to take s.th. or s.o. into account or into consideration, reckon with s.th. or s.o., count on s.th. or s.o.;
►ḥasaba ḥisāban li‑, vb. I, 1 do.; 2 to attach importance to s.o. or s.th.;
►ḥasaba ʔalfa ḥisābin li‑, expr., to have a thousand apprehensions about…

►^BP#2190ḥasiba, a, i (ḥisbān, maḥsabaẗ, maḥsibaẗ), vb. I, 1 to regard (s.o. as), consider, deem (s.o. to be…); 2 to think, believe, suppose, assume; 3 to consider, regard (s.o. min as belonging to), count (s.o. min among); 4 to see (s.th. fī in s.o.)
►ḥasuba, u (ḥasab, ḥasābaẗ), vb. I, 1 to be of noble origin, be highborn; 2 to be highly esteemed, be valued: perh. denom. from ḥasab ʻnoble descent’.
►ḥāsaba, vb. III, 1 to settle an account, get even (with s.o.); 2 to call (s.o.) to account, ask (s.o.) for an accounting; 3 to hold (s. o.) responsible, make (s.o.) answerable: L-stem, assoc. | ~ ʕalà nafsi-hī, vb., to be careful, be on one’s guard
►taḥassaba, vb. V, 1 to be careful, be on one’s guard; 2 to take precautions; 3 to seek to know, try to find out (s.th.): Dt-stem, refl./self-ref.
►taḥāsaba, vb. VI, to settle a mutual account: Lt-stem, recipr.
►ĭḥtasaba, vb. VIII, 1a to debit or credit; b to take into account, take into consideration (bi‑ or s.th.); c to reckon (bi‑ or s.th. with); d (to anticipate a reward in the hereafter by adding a pious deed to one’s account with God — such as resigning in God’s will at the death of a relative; hence:) ~ waladan, to give a son, be bereaved of a son; ~ ʕinda ’llāhi ’l-šayʔ, to sacrifice s.th. in anticipation of God’s reward in the hereafter; e to charge (ʕalà s.th. for); 2a to think, believe, suppose; b to take (s.o. for or to be…); 3a to be content, content o.s. (bi‑ with); b to disapprove (ʕalà of s.th. in s.o.), take exception (ʕalà to s.th. in s.o.), reject (ʕalà s.th. in s.o.); c to call (ʕalà s.o.) to account, ask (ʕalà s.o.) for an accounting: Gt-stem, self-ref.

►ḥasb, n., 1 reckoning, computing, calculation; 2 thinking, opinion, view; 3 sufficiency | ḥasbu-ka (bi-ḥasbi-ka) dirhamun, expr., one dirham is enough for you; ḥasbu-ka ʔanna, expr., 1 it suffices to say that …; 2 you know enough when you hear that …; 3 you need only …; bi-ḥasbi-ka muqniʕan ʔanna, expr., it will be enough to convince you if …; wa-ḥasbu-ka bi-hāḏā kulli-hī šarran, expr., but enough of all these negative aspects!; ^BP#1538fa-ḥasb, expr., and that’s all, and no more, only (interchangeable with faqaṭ)
►ḥasbī: maǧlis ḥasbī, pl. maǧālis ḥasbiyyaẗ, n., guardianship court, probate court (Eg.): nisba formation, from ḥasb (in the sense of ʻsufficiency’)
►ḥasab, pl. ʔaḥsāb, n., 1 measure, extent, degree, quantity, amount; 2a value; b esteem, high regard enjoyed by s.o.; 3 noble descent | ^BP#423ḥasabᵃ, bi-ḥasabⁱ and ʕalà ḥasabⁱ, prep., according to, in accordance with, commensurate with, depending on; ► ^BP#3374ḥasaba-mā, conj., according to what…, as, depending on how… | ḥasaba-mā ’ttafaqa, expr., as chance will have it
►ḥisbaẗ, n.f., arithmetical problem, sum
►ḥasīb, pl. ḥusabāʔᵘ, adj., 1a respected, esteemed; b noble, of noble birth, highborn: quasi-PP I, from ḥasiba ʻto respect’, or devb. from ḥasuba ʻto be of noble origin’, or ints. formation based on ḥasab ʻnoble descent’.
► ^BP#4743ḥusbān, n., 1a calculation, reckoning, accounting; b computation | kāna fī ’l-ḥusbān, vb., 1a to be taken into account, be taken into consideration; b to be expected, be anticipated; kāna fī ’l-ḥusbān ʔanna, expr., it was expected that…; ḥusbān-ī ʔanna, expr., I expect that…
► ^BP#746ḥisāb, n., 1a arithmetic reckoning, calculus; b computation; 2 calculation, estimation, appraisal; 3a accounting, settlement; b consideration, considerateness; c caution; 4a (pl. ‑āt) bill, invoice; b statement of costs; 5 (bank) account; 6 (pl. ‑āt), bookkeeping | ~ al-ǧummal (al-ǧumal), n., use of the alphabetic letters according to their numerical value; ʕilm al‑~, n., arithmetic; ~ al-tafāḍul, n., differential calculus; ~ al-takāmul, n., integral calculus; kāna fī ḥisābih, expr., he reckoned with it, he expected it, he was prepared for it; ʕamala ḥisāban lahū, expr., 1a to take s.o. or s.th. into consideration; b to reckon with s.o. or s.th.; al‑~ al-ḫitāmī and ~ nihāʔī, n., final statement of account, final accounting; daʕā-hu ʔilà ’l‑~, expr., he called him to account; yawm al‑~, n., the Day of Reckoning; ʔaqāma ḥisāban li‑, to render account to s.o.; bi-lā ~, adv., without limit or bounds, to excess, to an unlimited extent; min ġayr ~, adv., blindly, without forethought, at random; li‑~ fulān, expr., to s.o.’s credit, to s.o.’s advantage; ʕalà ~ fulān, expr., to s.o.’s debit, at s.o.’s expense, to s.o.’s disadvantage; laqiya sūʔ al‑~, expr., he got a raw deal, he was in for it; ~ ǧārⁱⁿ, n., current account; ḥisābāt ṣundūq al-tawfīr, nonhum.pl., savings-bank accounts; ~ mawqūf, n., blocked account; ḥisābāt dobya, nonhum.pl., double-entry bookkeeping; al‑~ al-šarqī, n., the Julian calendar; al‑~ al-ġarbī, n., the Gregorian calendar
► ^BP#4179ḥāsūb, n., computer: neologism, prob. calque based on Engl computer.
► ḥisābī, adj., arithmetical, mathematical, computational: nisba formation from ḥisāb.
► ^BP#2691muḥāsabaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n.f., 1 accounting; 2 clearing (cɔŋ.); 3 bookkeeping; 4 request for accounting; 5 examination of conscience (theol.): vn. III. | qism al‑~, n., 1 accounting department, comptroller’s office; 2 clearing house
► ^BP#4932taḥassub, n., expectation, anticipation: vn. V.
►ĭḥtisāb, n., 1 computation; 2 calculation, consideration, reflection; 3a debiting; b crediting; c valuation; 4 contentedness, satisfaction: vn. VIII.
►^BP#4219ḥāsib, n., counter, reckoner, arithmetician, calculator, computer: PA I.
►maḥsūb, pl. ‑ūn, maḥāsībᵘ, n., 1 pet, favorite; 2 obedient, subservient (ʕalà to s.o.): PP I, prob. rather from ↗ḥasiba ʻto respect’ than from ḥasuba, as the latter is intr. and cannot have a PP.
►maḥsūbiyyaẗ, n.f., 1 esteem enjoyed by s.o., position of distinction; 2 patronage, favored position, favouritism: abstract formation in ‑iyyaẗ.
►muḥāsib, var. muḥāsibǧī (Eg.), n., 1 accountant, bookkeeper; 2 comptroller, auditor: vn. III.
►muḥtasab, n., that for which one can expect reward in the hereafter (e.g., suffering, loss, etc.): vn. VIII.

For other (obsolete) values of the root, cf. root entry ↗ḤSB.

Permanent link

http://www2.hf.uio.no/common/apps/permlink/permlink.php?app=polyglotta&context=record&uid=d81a6490-06ff-11ee-937a-005056a97067

Choose languages

Choose images, etc.

Choose languages

Choose display