Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ DRS 9 (2010)#Ḥ/ḪRŚ-1 Hbr ḥäräš ‘démangeaison, gale’, Syr ḥarsā ‘irritation des paupières’, Ar ḥarš ‘marque, trace, aspérité’, ḥaraša, ḫaraša ‘griffer avec les ongles’, ḫaraša ‘gratter’, naḥwariš, naḫwariš ‘qui gratte beaucoup avec les griffes (chien)’, ḥarraša ‘exciter les uns contre les autres’, taḫāraša ‘s’exciter les uns contre les autres’, Mhr ḥōrəś, Jib oḥōrś ‘créer de l’agitation (contre qn)’, Ḥrs ḥārəś ‘raconter des choses contre qn’.
▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤRŚ-1 Ar ḥariša ‘être rugueux, rude au toucher’, ʔaḥraš ‘rugueux’, without direct cognates in Sem.

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▪ DRS cautiously separates the idea of ‘scratching’ (hence also ‘instigating, provoking, sewing discord’) from that of ‘(be(com)ing) rough, coarse’ (↗ḥariš) because of a certain oscillation of R₁ between *Ḥ and *Ḫ in the former, while it is clearly *Ḥ in the latter. But the two values may be related nevertheless, ‘roughness’ being a result of ‘scratching’, or ‘scratching’ so called after its association with the ‘roughness’ of a surface.
▪ According to Ehret1989, ḥaraša is an extension in venitive *‑ɬ from a pre-pSem 2-consonantal basis ↗*ḤR- ‘to scrape’. Other extensions from the same basis include ↗ḥarbaẗ ‘lance, spear’ and ↗ḥarb ‘war; fight, combat’, ↗ḥaraṯa ‘to till and sow the ground’, and ↗ḥaraqa (u) ‘to rub two things against each other’.
▪ Should also ↗ḥurš ~ ḥirš ‘forest, wood(s)’ and ^† ḥarīš ‘rhinoceros’ be connected to this root? The value ‘forest, woods’ goes back to an original *‘mountainous region’—a “rough” surface of the landscape, so to speak; and the morphology of ḥarīš, which follows the faʕīl pattern typical of adj.s (cf. kabīr, ṣaġīr, ǧamīl, etc.), suggests that ‘rhinoceros’ originally is *‘the rough one’ or *‘the one who scratches a lot’.

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► ḥarraša, vb. II, to instigate, prod, incite, provoke, incense; to set (bayn people against each other), sow discord, dissension (bayn among): D-stem, ints.
► taḥarraša, vb. V, to pick a quarrel, start a brawl (bi‑ with s.o.), provoke (bi‑ s.o.): tD-stem, intr. of II.
► taḥrīš, n., instigation, prodding, incitement, provocation, agitation, incensement: vn. II.
► taḥarruš, n., provocation, importunity, obtrusion, meddling, uncalled-for interference; sexual harrassment: vn. V. | ‑āt, n.pl., trespasses, encroachments.

NB: According to DRS 9 (2010), the following items do not belong to the Sem *Ḥ/ḪRŚ reflected in Ar ḥaraša ‘to scratch’ but rather form a complex of their own, developed from the central idea of ‘roughness, coarseness’ (cf. ↗ḥariš and section DISC above; for the whole picture, cf. also ↗ḤRŠ).

► ḥariš and ʔaḥrašᵘ, adj., rough, coarse, scabrous: see also ↗s.v.
► ḥaraš, ḥuršaẗ, ḥarāšaẗ, n.f., roughness, coarseness, scabrousness: vn. of an obsol. vb. I ^†ḥariša.
► ḥurš, var. ḥirš, pl. ʔaḥrāš, ḥurūš, n., forest, wood(s): originally, *‘rough landscape’ or *‘region that looks as if scratched, roughened’ ?

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