Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ The 2 meanings of the vb. go both back to an original value *‘to cut’. From there, the semantics seem to have developed along two lines: 1 ‘*to cut > to slaughter > to butcher; to kill > massacre’, and 2 ‘*to cut > to cut off (land from sea, etc.) > island; to drop, ebb (water)’.
▪ al-Ǧazāʔir ‘Algeria’ is a pl. of the quasi-PP f. ǧazīraẗ, lit. *‘cut off (from land)’, hence ‘island’.
▪ Ar ǦZR is from WSem *GZR ‘to cut off, destroy’.
▪ Like its cognate roots in other Sem langs, ǦZR / GZR seems to be an extension in *‑R of a bi-consonantal nucleus ↗*ǦZ- (also ↗*ǦḎ-, ↗*ǦD-) from which also other roots derive. Cf., in this context, especially the MSA items ↗ǧazza ‘to cut off, clip; to shear, shear off’ (also ↗ǧaḏḏa ‘to cut off, clip’), ↗ǧuzʔ ‘part’, ↗taǧazzaʕa ‘to break apart, break, snap’ (also ↗ǧadaʕa ‘to cut off, amputate’), ↗ǧizlaẗ ‘piece, slice’, ↗ǧazama ‘to off, cut short, clip; to judge, decide’ (also ↗ǧaḏama ‘to cut off, chop off, excise’).

hist

▪ …

cogn

DRS 2 (1994)#GZR-1 Hbr gāzar ‘couper en deux; décider’, oAram gzr, EmpAram gzyr, gzr (?) ‘couper; conclure un pacte; ordonner(?)’, JP gᵉzar ‘tailler, couper, trancher, décider’, Mand gzar ‘couper, égorger, décider, condamner; circoncire’, Ar ǧazara ‘égorger, découper une pièce de boucherie’, SAr gzr ‘circoncire’, Soq gtzr ‘être moitié plein’, Gz gazara, Amh gäzzärä ‘circoncire’, Tña Te Amh gəzrät ‘circoncision’. – Syr gᵉzīrtā, Ar ǧazīraẗ, Gz gazirat ‘île’; Ar ǧazar ‘partie de la côté découverte à marée basse’, ǧazara ‘être à sec (marée, etc.)’. – Hbr *gāzar ‘manger (animal)’, Syr gezrā ‘proie’, Mand gizra ‘troupeau’, Ar ǧazar ‘animaux de boucherie’, Ar ǧazzār ‘boucher’, Śḥr eñgezrót ‘animal de boucherie, animal abattu’.

disc

See section CONCISE above.

west

▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl Algeria, Algiers, from Ar al-ǧazāʔir ‘the islands, Algeria’, pl. of al-ǧazīraẗ ‘the island’ (lit. *‘cut off, sc. from land’).

deriv

► ǧazr, n., 1 slaughter; butchering; 2 ebb (of the sea): vn. I.
► ǧazraẗ, n.f., blood sacrifice: n.un. of vn. I.
► ǧazūr, pl. ǧuzur, n., slaughter camel: quasi PP I.
► ǧazzār, pl. ‑ūn, n., butcher: n.prof.
► ǧizāraẗ, n.f., butcher’s trade, butchery: n. of profession.
► ^BP#1733ǧazīraẗ, pl. ǧuzur, rarely ǧazāʔirᵘ, n., island: quasi-PP I, lit. *‘the cut-off one’ | šibh ~, n., peninsula; al-~, the Jazira, (Northwest) Mesopotamia; al-Ǧazāʔir, n.prop.topon., Algeria; Algiers; ~ al-ʕarab, n., Arabia, the Arabian Peninsula; al-Ǧazāʔir al-Ḫālidāt, n.prop.topon., the Canary Islands; al-~ al-Ḫaḍrāʔ, n.prop.topon., Algeciras (seaport in SW Spain); ~ al-ʔamān, n., safety island.
► ǧazarī, adj., insular; (pl. ‑ūn) islander: nsb-adj. of ǧazīraẗ.
► ^BP#1663ǧazāʔirī, pl. ‑ūn, adj./n., Algerian (adǧ. and n.); islander: nsb-adj. of ǧazāʔir, pl. of ǧazīraẗ.
► maǧzir, pl. maǧāzirᵘ, n., slaughterhouse, abattoir; butchery: n.loc.
► ^BP#2347maǧzaraẗ, pl. maǧāzirᵘ, n., butchery; massacre, carnage: n.loc.

For ǧazar ‘carrot(s)’ see ↗s.v..

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