Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ DRS I (1994)#ʔL: Akk il‑, el‑, Ug ʔil, Phn Pun ʔl, Hbr ʔēl, EmpAram ʔl, JP ʔēl, Tham ʔl; (with final ‑h) epigrHbr ʔlh, Hbr, ʔᵉlōha, Ug ʔlhm (pl.m.), ʔlht (pl.f.), epigrAram ʔlh, JP ʔᵉlhā, BabAram ʔelāh, Syr ʔalaha, Mand alaha, Ar ʔilāh, SAr ʔlh ‘god, deity’.

disc

DRS 1 (1994), Huehnergard2011, et al.: From CSem *ʔilāh‑ ‘god, deity’, extension in *‑h from Sem *ʔil‑ ‘dto.’.

west

Biblical names ending in ‑el are often composed of two elements, the second being Hbr ʔēl ‘God’. Cf., e.g., Azazel, from Hbr ʕᵃzā(ʔ)zēl, of uncertain etymology, perhaps corrupt for ʕᵃzaz-ʔēl, a name meaning ‘God has been strong’ < ʕᵃzaz, reduced form of ʕāzaz ‘he is/was strong’ (cf. Ar ↗ʕZː (ʕZZ)); Bethel, from Hbr bêt ʔēl ‘house of God’ (cf. Ar ↗bayt ‘house’); Daniel, from Hbr dānīʔēl / dānīyē(ʔ)l ‘my judge is God’ < Hbr dān ‘judge’ (cf. Ar ↗dīn ‘religion’, ↗madīnaẗ ‘town, city’) + ‑ī ‘my’ (suffix 1sg) + ʔēl; Ezekiel, from Hbr yəḥezqē(ʔ)l ‘God has strengthened’ < yəḥezq ‘he has strengthened’ (cf. Ar ↗ḤZQ) + ʔēl; Israel, from Lat, from Grk Israēl, from Hbr yiśrāʔēl ‘Israel’, name meaning ‘God has striven, saved’ < yiśrā ‘he has striven, saved’ (see śry) + ʔēl; Joel, from Hbr yôʔēl ‘Yahweh is God’ < yô, short form of yahweh ‘Yahweh’ (see hwy) + ʔēl; Michael, from Hbr mîkāʔēl ‘who is like God?’ < mî ‘who?’ + kā ‘like’ (cf. Ar ↗ka‑) + ʔēl; Samuel, from Hbr šəmûʔēl ‘name of God’, or, ‘the name is God’ < šəmû, archaic form of šēm ‘name’ (cf. Ar ↗SMY) + ʔēl; cf. also Schlemiel, from Yidd, perhaps from the Hbr n.prop. šəlūmîʔēl ‘Shelumiel’, meaning ‘my well-being is God’ < šəlūm ‘well-being’ (cf. Ar ↗salām ‘peace’) + ‑î ‘my’ (suffix 1sg) + ʔēl.
For other Engl words that go back to Ar allāh ‘God’, cf. ↗s.v..

deriv

► ʔallaha, vb. II, to deify, make a god of s.o.: caus. denom.
► taʔallaha, vb. V, to become a deity, a godhead; to deify o.s.: T-stem of II, inchoat., refl.

► ʔilāhaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n., goddess: f. of ʔilāh.
► ^BP#4130ʔilāhī, adj., divine, of God; theological: nsb-adj.; n.pl., al-ʔilāhiyyāt, theological, spiritual concerns: nominalized adj.f.pl., abstr. | ʕilm al-ʔilāhiyyāt, n., theology.
► aḷḷāh, n., Allah, God (as the One and Only): < *al-ʔilāh, see s.v.. | wa-ḷḷāhi, excl., by God!; bi-llāhi (ʕalayk), excl., for God’s sake, I implore you, I beg of you; li-llāhi darruka, exclamation of admiration and praise, see ↗darr.
► ^BP#784aḷḷāhumma, excl., O God!: see s.v. | ~ ʔillā, conj., unless, were it not that, except that, or at best (after a negative statement); ~ ʔiḏā, conj., at least if or when; if only; ~ naʕam, excl., by God, yes! most certainly!.
► ʔulūhiyyaẗ, n.f., divine power, divinity: abstr. formation.
► taʔlīh, n., deification, apotheosis: vn. II.
► ʔālih, n., (pagan) god: PA *I (?).
► ʔālihaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n., goddess: f. of ʔālih.
► ʔālihī, adj., divine: nsb-adj. from ʔālih.
► mutaʔallih, adj., divine, heavenly: PA V.

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