Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Jeffery1938: »The word can hardly be derived from the Ar verbal root ʕamada ‘to afflict’ and was apparently borrowed from the Aram. / Zimmern, Akkad. Fremdw, 31, goes back to an Akk imdu meaning ‘a support’ for a house or a wall, from a root emēdu (< ʕmd) ‘to stand’, which he would consider as having influenced the Can and Aram areas, whence we find Hbr ʕammûd, Phoen ʕmd ‘pillar’, and Aram Palm ʕmwdʔ, Syr ʕamūdā ‘pillar’. If so it must also have influenced the SAr area, for there we find Sab ʕmd (D.H. Müller, Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Abessinien, 80)¹ and Eth [Gz] ʕamd, also meaning ‘pillar’. From the Aramaic, according to this theory, would have come the Arab ʕamūd ‘a pillar’, and thence the denominative verb ʕamada ‘to prop’, from which the Qurʔānic ʕimād would have been derived. In this case it would have been an early borrowing.«

1. Cf. Rossini, Glossarium, 209; Ryckmans, Noms propres, i, 166.

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