Bibliotheca Polyglotta

The n. is a nominalized pseudo-PP of *hadà ‘to give (as a present)’, which is not attested with this general meaning, neither in MSA nor ClassAr but only as hadà, i (hidāʔ), vb. I, with the specialized meaning of ‘to bring, lead, conduct a bride to the bridegroom’ (which also shows the relation between ‘giving’ and ‘leading, conducting’, cf. ↗HDY and ↗hadà). The (hypothetical but quite likely) general sense survived in derivatives such as hādà (III) ‘to exchange presents’, tahādà (VI) ‘to make each other presents, exchange presents’, or ClassAr ^†ĭnhadà, vb. VII, ‘to be offered, given as a present’, reflecting a general giving (of presents). The items listed below in the “Derivatives” section are, properly speaking, not from the lemma hadiyyaẗ but from this reconstructed vb. I.

hist

▪ eC7 hady (offering brought to the Sacred Mosque in Mecca in accordance with the teachings) Q 48:25 humu ’llaḏīna kafarū wa-ṣaddū-kum ʕani ’l-masǧidi ’l-ḥarāmi wa’l-hadya maʕkūfan ‘These it was who disbelieved and debarred you from the Inviolable Place of Worship, and debarred the offering from reaching its goal’ ▪ hadiyyaẗ (gift) 27:35 wa-ʔinnī mursilatun ʔilayhim bi-hadiyyatin ‘but I am sending them a present’
▪ hadiyyaẗ : until lC19 also ‘bride’ (Freytag1835, Steingass1884, Wahrmund1887).

cogn

▪ Zammit 2002: Hbr hādā ‘to stretch out the hand’, Aram Syr haddī, SAr hdy ‘to lead, guide, direct’
▪ Cf. also the cognates given in the entry on ↗hadà.

disc

▪ Zammit2002: 553 #HDY: »The Hbr sense ‘to stretch out the hand’ might be more generic and neutral than the sense ‘to guide’ attested in Ar, SAr, Syr and which could have developed later.«
▪ Huehnergard 2011: WSem *hdy ‘to lead, extend’.
▪ The meanings ‘present; to give as a present’ etc. are either a development directly from a WSem *hdy ‘to stretch out the hand’ as an act performed in order to give s.th. to s.o. else, or from ↗hadà ‘to lead, guide, direct’ used with a metaphorical meaning, *‘to direct s.th. (esp. a present) to s.o., to make s.th. find its way’. A semantic “bridge” where the notions of ‘guiding, conducting’ and ‘giving away’ overlap, or merge, is the specialized meaning of ↗hadà, i, vb. I, ‘to bring, lead, conduct a bride to the bridegroom’ (vn. hidāʔ). Accordingly, the pseudo-PP I hadiyyaẗ is properly *‘s.th. that is brought (conducted, led) (to s.o., to a destination)’, whence developed the specialized values of ‘gift, present, donation’, ‘offering, sacrifice’ (Steingass1884: ‘beast of sacrifice (to be led to Mekkah and presented there’), and (attested until lC19) also ^†‘bride’.

west

–

deriv

► hādà, vb. III, to exchange presents (DO with s.o.): assoc.
► ʔahdà, vb. IV, to bring, lead, conduct (‑hā the bride ʔilà to the bridegroom); to give as a present, present, make s.o. (li‑ or ʔilà) a present of (DO): from (hypothetical) vb. I, or denominative from hadiyyaẗ ?; to dedicate (s.th. to s.o.), confer, bestow, award (e.g., an order); to send, convey, transmit (s.th. li‑ or ʔilà to): fig. use.
► tahādà, vb. VI, to make each other presents, exchange presents; to exchange among each other (s.th., also al-taḥiyyaẗ, to exchange greetings, greet or salute each other); – For other meanings see ↗hadà and ↗s.v..

► ʔihdāʔ, n., presentation; donation, grant(ing); award, bestowal, conferment; dedication (of a book): vn. IV.
► muhdan, det. muhdà, adj., presented, given: PP IV.

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