Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ǦWD_1 ‘(to be) excellent, generous; racing horse; heavy rain; art of Qur’an recitation’ ↗ǧāda
▪ ǦWD_2 ^†‘to be warm; flame, passion, thurst; to consume, destroy, kill’
▪ ǦWD_3 ‘water skin, gourd’: only SyrAr.

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘horses, to seek a horse; generosity, generous person; goodness, excellence, nobility; rain-laden clouds’

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Of the three basic values listed in DRS, only ǦWD_1 seems to have survived into MSA. This latter value, however, shows quite a variety of diversifications and specialisations, such as ‘to be good, excellent’, ‘generosity, liberality, openhandedness’, ‘racing horse’, ‘the art of Qur’an recitation’, and ‘heavy rain’, see ↗ǧāda. – In ClassAr, one still finds (Lane ii-1865) the pass. vb. ^†ǧīda, ipfv. yuǧādu ‘to become affected by thirst, be at the point of death or destruction; to become affected, or overcome, or distressed, by drowsiness, or slumber’, ^†ʔaǧāda (vb. IV) ‘to slay, kill’, ^†ǧawdaẗ ‘a single affection with thirst, a thirsting’, ^†ǧuwād ‘thirst; drowsiness, slumber’, belonging to ǦWD_2.

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▪ See below, section DISC.
▪ …

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▪ DRS 2: 105-6 distinguishes three items where Ar is involved: (1) Ar ǧāda ‘être excellent, généreux’; ǧawād‑; SAr gwd ‘cheval de course’; Mhr gid ‘bon, habile’. Syr gᵉwād ‘cheval noble’ is believed to be from Ar ǧawād. »Faut-il rapprocher Tna gado and Te Amh gud ‘merveilleux’? En Amh le sens est souvent péjoratif: ‘monstreux’.« – (2) Syr gād ‘être chaud’, Ar ǧāda ‘consumer, épuiser qn.’, ǧūd ‘flamme, passion, soif’. – (3) Akk gūd‑, nHbr god, JP gōdā, Syr gawdā ‘outre’; Mand guda ‘sac de cuir, bourse'; SyrAr ǧūd ‘utricule, gourde’.
▪ Leslau 1987 relates Gz gāyada ‘be quick (horse), be fast, be nimble’ and gayyəd, gāyəd ‘fast (horse), quick, nimble’ to Ar ^†‘be swift (horse)’, Ḥrs ged (gyd) ‘good, fine’, SAr gwd ‘swift’.

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