Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ḤRŠ_1 ‘(to be/come) rough, coarse, scabrous’ ↗ḥariš
▪ ḤRŠ_2 ‘to scratch; (D-stem) to instigate, provoke, sew discord’ ↗ḥaraša
▪ ḤRŠ_3 ‘forest, woods’ ↗ḥurš

Other values, now obsolete, include:

^†ḤRŠ_4 ‘rhinoceros’ : ^†ḥarīš

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See section DISC below.

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▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤRŚ–1 Ar ḥariša ‘être rugueux, rude au toucher’, ʔaḥraš ‘rugueux’. –2 Hbr ḥōrā̈š ‘lieu boisé’, (BDB1906: Aram ḥûršāh), Ar ḥarš ‘bois, forêt’, Jib ḥɔ́rɔ́ś, aḥréś ‘apporter des branchages pour construire un râtelier, un lit, etc.’. –3 Ar ḥarīš, Gz ḥariš, ḥaris, ḥoras, Te Tña ḥariš, Amh ḥaris ‘rhinocéros’. [–4 not represented in Ar].
▪ DRS 9 (2010)#Ḥ/ḪRŚ–1 Hbr ḥäräš ‘démangeaison, gale’, Syr ḥarsā ‘irritation des paupières’, Ar ḥarš ‘marque, trace, aspérité’, ḥaraša, ḫaraša ‘griffer avec les ongles’, ḫaraša ‘gratter’, naḥwariš, naḫwariš ‘qui gratte beaucoup avec les griffes (chien)’, ḥarraša ‘exciter les uns contre les autres’, taḫāraša ‘s’exciter les uns contre les autres’, Mhr ḥōrəś, Jib oḥōrś ‘créer de l’agitation (contre qn)’, Ḥrs ḥārəś ‘raconter des choses contre qn’, 2 Ar ḥaraša, ḫaraša ‘travailler pour subvenir aux besoins des siens’, ḥarīšaẗ ‘avoir, ce qu’on possède’.
▪ DRS 9 (2010)#ḤRŚ–1 cf. also ḤRS/Ś and Ḥ/ḪRŚ.

disc

▪ In ḤRŠ_1 and ḤRŠ_2, the root shows some overlapping with ↗ḪRŠ, but also with ↗ḤRS.
▪ In spite of the cautiousness speaking from the separation, made in DRS, between ḤRŠ_1 ‘(to be/come) rough, coarse, scabrous’ (reflecting Sem *ḤRŚ) and ḤRŠ_2 ‘to scratch; to instigate, provoke, sew discord’ (< Sem *Ḥ/ḪRŚ), the two values may be related (‘roughness’ being a result of ‘scratching’, or ‘scratching’ so called after its association with the ‘roughness’ of a surface).
▪ ḤRŠ_2 : according to Ehret1989, ḥaraša is an extension in venitive *‑ɬ from a pre-pSem 2-consonantal basis ↗*ḤR- ‘to scrape’. Other extensions from the same basis include ↗ḥarbaẗ ‘lance, spear’ and ↗ḥarb ‘war; fight, combat’, ↗ḥaraṯa ‘to till and sow the ground’, and ↗ḥaraqa u ‘to rub two things against each other’.
▪ ḤRŠ_3 : Sem words for ‘forest, woods’ go perhaps back, via Akk, to a Sum word for ‘hill-country; mountainous region’. For details, see ↗ḥurš.
▪ ^†ḤRŠ_4 ‘rhinoceros’: called ḥarīš because of the ‘roughness’ (ḤRŠ_1) of its skin or after its habit to ‘scratch’ (ḤRŠ_2) the soil?

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