Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ḤḌR_1 ‘to be present, attend; to come, arrive, visit, go to, appear, show up; to be readily called’ ↗ḥaḍara, ↗ḥuḍūr, ↗ḥāḍir; ‘to prepare’ ↗ḥaḍḍara; ‘to die’ ↗ĭḥtaḍara; ‘civilized region; settled population, town dwellers’ ↗ḥaḍar; ‘presence; His Highness, Monsieur’ ↗ḥaḍraẗ; ‘sedentary life; civilisation, culture’ ↗ḥaḍāraẗ; ‘minutes, official report’ ↗maḥḍar; ‘lecture’ ↗muḥāḍaraẗ
▪ ḤḌR_2 ‘a small group of 6 to 12 people, patrol, squad’ ↗ḥaḍīraẗ

Other values, now obsolete, include (Lane ii 1865, Hava1899):

▪ ^†ḤḌR_3 ‘fleet (horse)’: ^†miḥḍīr (pl. maḥāḍīrᵘ)
▪ ^†ḤḌR_4 ‘thick purulent matter in a wound, afterbirth’: ^†ḥaḍīr(aẗ)
▪ ^†ḤḌR_5 ‘…’ : ^†ḥḍr

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘urban areas, a community settled around a water source; to be present, to be at home, adjacency to water; to bring, to fetch; to lie down dying, hardship, strife’

conc

▪ [v1] : DRS 9 (2010) #ḤḌR-1 suggests to compare also ↗√ḤṢR and ↗√ḤẒR, without however elaborating on the exact nature of such a conceivable relation. On the Ar, SAr, and modSAr evidence the authors comment: »Ici les valeurs de présence et de sédentarité sont liées, comme le montrent bien l’Ar et le Ḥrṣ; en Sab, il s’agit du fait d’être présent au pélerinage ou à la fête.«¹ – In contrast, Orel&Stolbova1994 #1214 seem to interpret Ar ḥaḍar outright as ʻ[enclosed, fenced?] area’ and derive it from protSem *ḥaṣ́ar‑ < AfrAs *ḥać̣ar‑ ‘fence, enclosure’. – In √ḤṢR we find items such as ḥaṣara ‘to surround, encircle’ and ḥiṣār ‘blockade, siege’; similarly, in √ḤẒR we find, e.g., ḥaẓara ‘to fence in’ or ḥaẓīraẗ ‘enclosure’.
[v2] : Accord. to Lane ii (1865), the meaning of ḥaḍīraẗ in ClassAr is ‘collective body of a people’. Perh. somehow related to [v1], but the exact semantics remain unclear. An obsol. meaning of ḥaḍīr(aẗ), sharing with ‘collective body’ the notion of *‘gathering, coming together’, is also [v4] ^†‘what collects in a wound, of thick purulent matter; what collects in the membrane that encloses the fœtus, of the [fluid called] suḫd and the like; […] what a woman emits after childbirth and [after] the stopping of her blood; […] what a she-camel emits after bringing forth’.
▪ ^†[v3] : The light-footedness of a horse seems to be a development from [v1]: *‘present > ready > quick’. Value not mentioned in DRS.
▪ ^†[v4] : Is the *‘gathering, coming together’ that this value shares with [v2] based on [v1] *‘to settle’ (= *‘to gather in a place’)?
▪ [other] : None of the values [v2]–[v4] are mentioned in DRS. In contrast, DRS lists the values #ḤḌR-2 ‘pubis’ (^†ḥaḍr) and #ḤḌR-3 ‘anse de vase’ (^†ḥāḍiraẗ), which we were unable to identify elsewhere.
▪ …

1. Our italics – EtymArab.

hist

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cogn

▪ DRS 9 (2010) #ḤḌR-1 Ar ḥaḍara ‘être présent, prêt; assister à’, ḥaḍar, ḥāḍiraẗ ‘présence, demeure fixe (par opp. au nomadisme)’, Qat tḥḍr ‘être présent (dans un lieu)’, Jib ḥɔ́źɔ́r, Mhr ḥəźáwr ‘être présent; persuader’, Ḥrs ḥəźáwr ‘migrer du désert vers la ville en été; être présent’. – Sab ḥḍr ‘célébrer une fête (pour une divinité), accomplir un pélerinage; offrir’. -2 Ar ḥaḍr ‘pubis’. -3 ḥāḍiraẗ ‘anse de vase’.
▪ Orel&Stolbova1994 #1214: Akk ḫaṣāru ‘enclosure’, Phn ḥṣr ‘yard’, Hbr ḥāṣer ‘camp; yard’, Syr ḥəṣārā ‘yard’, Ar ḥaḍar, SAr ḥṣwr ‘area’, Gz ḥaṣur ‘enclosure’. – For extra-Sem cognates cf. below, section DISC.
▪ …

disc

▪ [v1] : Orel&Stolbova’s (1994 #1214) reconstruction of the AfrAs dimension (see above, section CONC) is based, in addition to their assumption of a Sem *ḥaṣ́ar‑, on the reconstruction of extra-Sem proto-forms, stipulated from sparse evidence in a few, mainly WCh and CCh langs. The authors posit protWCh *ć̣˅r‑ (from 1 siri ‘fence’), protCCh *ḥaẑar‑ (based on actual forms like ẑaẑar, gəẑar) ‘fence’, Bed eseer ‘enclosure’. Any connection with LEC *ʔaraʒ‑ (Or areddaa ‘dwelling’)?
▪ …

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