Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ḤFẒ_1 ʻto preserve, take care of, save, store; to protect, guard, defend; to remember\memorize, know\learn by heart’ ↗ḥafiẓa; ʻdressing, ligature, bandage’ ↗ḥifāẓ; ʻfolder, bag, portfolio; wallet, pocketbook’ ↗maḥfaẓaẗ; ʻconservativism; governorate (Eg.), larger administrative district (Syr.)’ ↗muḥāfaẓaẗ; ʻcaution, reserve, aloofness; reservation’ ↗taḥaffuẓ; ʻone who knows the Koran by heart’ ↗ḥāfiẓ
▪ ḤFẒ_2 ʻanger, indignation, resentment, rancor; to vex, annoy, irritate, offend’ ↗ḥifẓaẗ
▪ ḤFẒ_ ʻ’ ↗ḥfẓ

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to keep, to preserve, to maintain; to remember, to learn, to internalise; to guard, to protect; to entrust, custodian; to be attentive, to be constant; to anger, grudge, rancour’.

conc

▪ [v1] (Huehnergard2011, Kogan2015:) From protCSem *ḥpṯ̣ ‘to be mindful of, be attentive, care, preserve’, *ḥipṯ̣‑ ‘attention’, of unknown deeper origin.
▪ [v2] is kept apart from [v1] in DRS, obviously due to seeming semantic mismatch. But a look into ClassAr dictionaries can leave little doubt that [v2] is dependent on [v1]: the meaning ʻanger, indignation’ is (as circumscribed by Hava1899) a ʻzeal to defend s.o.\s.th.’, more precisely (as reported by Lane ii 1865, s.v. ^†ḥafīẓaẗ, of which ḥifẓaẗ is classified as a var.), ʻindignation\anger by reason of violence\injury done to s.th. which one is bound to honour or respect, and to defend, or of wrong done to a relation, or kinsman, in one’s neighbourhood, or of the breach of a covenant; it is said in a prov., al-maqdiraẗ tuḏhibu ’l-ḥafīẓaẗ ʻpower [to revenge] dispels anger\indignation, etc.’, meaning that it is incumbent to forgive when one has power to revenge’; cf. also the var. meaning of ^†ḥafīẓaẗ, ʻamulet\charm bearing an inscription which is hung upon a child, to charm against the evil eye, etc.’. Thus, the ʻanger, indignation’ meant by ḥifẓaẗ stems from the memory one has retained of harm that has been done to s.o.\s.th. one feels in charge of, honours, respects’; cf. also al-malak al-ḥafīẓ ʻthe recording angel of men’ (Hava1899), i.e., the remembering one who can become an angel of revenge if the records show a man’s misdeeds.
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hist

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cogn

▪ DRS 9 (2010) #ḤPẒ-1 Hbr ḥāpeṣ ‘être bienveillant, être propice’, Syr ḥᵉpaṭ ‘s’appliquer à’, Ar ḥafiẓa ‘garder, conserver, préserver; observer’, ĭḥtafaẓa ‘garder’, ḥifẓ ‘attention, vigilance, mémoire’, Min ḥtfẓ ‘garder aux archives’, Mhr ḥəfūẓ, Jib ḥfɔẓ ‘préserver, surveiller; donner un alibi’, Jib ḥafẓ ‘lieu sûr, (bonne) garde’. -2 Ar ḥifẓaẗ ‘colère’.
▪ Kogan2015: 210 #10 Hbr ḥpṣ ‘to take pleasure in, desire; to be willing, feel inclined’, ḥēpäṣ ‘joy, delight; wish; matter, business’, Syr ḥpṭ ‘alicui rei operam navavit, studuit’, ḥupṭā ‘adhortatio, admonitio, sollicitudo’, Ar ḥfẓ ‘to keep, preserve, take care of,’ ḥifẓ ‘care, attention’, Min ḥtfṯ̣ ‘garder’; (? < Ar: Mhr ḥəfūḏ̣, Jib ḥfɔḏ̣ ‘to keep safe, preserve, look after’).
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disc

▪ See above, section CONC.
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west

▪ Engl hafiz ↗ḥāfiẓ.

deriv

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