Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ ZYR_1 ‘large jar’ ↗zīr_1
▪ ZYR_2 ‘highest string (of stringed instruments)’ ↗zīr_2
▪ ZYR_3 (= ZWR_3) ‘ladies’ man, philanderer’ ↗zīr_3, arranged under √ZWR
▪ ZYR_4 ‘to close (a button)’ ↗zayyar (MorAr)

Other values, now obsolete, include:

ZYR_5 ‘horse-twitchers’ barnacles, (Lane:) instrument with which a farrier twists the lip of a beast’ : ^†ziyār, cf. ↗zayyar .
^†ZYR_6 ‘angry, and severing o.s. from one’s companion’ (DRS #ZW/YR-1e) : zīr, zayir, cf. ↗ZʔR ?
^†ZYR_7 ‘flax’ : zīr
^†ZYR_8 ‘use, custom’ : zīr

conc

▪ ZYR_1 zīr ‘large jar’ : of unknown origin, probably Sem – Rolland2014a. Orel&Stolbova1994 see also an AfrAs dimension.
▪ ZYR_2 zīr ‘highest string (of stringed instruments)’ : from Pers zīr ‘smallest string of a lute, guitar, etc.’ (Steingass1892), from mPers azīr ‘under’ – Rolland2014a
▪ ZYR_3 (= ZWR_3) : According to Lane iii (1867), a ‘ladies’ man, philanderer’ is called zīr »because of his frequent visits to them [sc., women]«, so the word seems to be from ↗zāra ‘to visit’ (ZWR_1).
▪ ZYR_4 MorAr zayyar ‘to close (a button)’: from a WSem root with the basic meaning of *‘to join, press together’.
▪ ZYR_5 ^†ziyār, the name of an ‘instrument with which a farrier twists the lip of a beast’ (Lane) belongs to the same complex as also ↗zayyar (preceding item).
▪ ZYR_6 : ^†zīr, zayir ‘angry’: DRS (#ZW/YR-1e) includes this value in the big complex whose semantics stretch from ‘to incline, turn aside’ via ‘to lie, falsify’ and ‘one time, once’ until ‘to hate; enemy, stranger, foreigner’, ‘to visit’ and ‘phantom appearing in a dream’. In contrast, Lane thinks at least zayir is corrupted from zaʔir, see ↗√ZʔR.
▪ ZYR_7 ^†zīr ‘flax’ : semantics and etymology unclear.
▪ ZYR_8 ^†zīr ‘use, custom’ : semantics and etymology unclear.

hist

–

cogn

▪ ZYR_1 : DRS 8 (1999)#ZW/YR-3 Ar zīr, Mhr zayr, Jib zir ‘grande jarre à eau’, Sab zwyr (pl.) ‘distributeur d’eau’ ?
▪ ZYR_2 : Ø – borrowed from Pers.
▪ ZYR_3 : ↗zāra.
▪ ZYR_4 : DRS 8 (1999)#ZW/YR-2 Hbr zār ‘presser, écraser’, nHbr məzōrā ‘pressoir’, māzōr ‘pansement’, TargAram zār ‘retenir’, zəyārā ‘pressoir’, Syr zār, zəwar ‘prendre, tenir; frapper du poing’, zəwārā ‘poing, poignée; main, pouvoir; massue’; Ar zayyara ‘serrer, presser, serrer les lèvres à un cheval avec des tenailles; attacher’, tazayyara ‘être mis à l’étroit, être embarrassé’, ziyār ‘tenailles, étau’, EgAr zayyar ‘attacher’, MġrAr ‘serrer, comprimer’, HispAr ziyār ‘bâillon’, EAr zawr ‘jointée, poignée’; IrqAr zōr ‘sous-bois, buisson dans un lieu marécageux’, Gz zawwara ‘garder, cacher’. – ? Hbr zēr ‘bordure’, JP zīrā ‘couronne, guirlande’.
▪ ZYR_5 : DRS 8 (1999)#ZW/YR-1 (a) Akk zāru ‘tordre, être tordu’, Hbr JP zār ‘s’écarter de’, zawwēr ‘rouler’, Ar zawira ‘être penché, courbé; aller en biais’, (b) zāra ‘mentir, accuser faussement’, zawwara ‘altérer, falsifier, défigurer, embellir, orner’, zūr ‘mensonge vanité’, (c) zuraẗ ‘fois’, S Ar zāra ‘quelquefois’, Syr zawar ‘regarder de travers’, Gz Te Arg zora, Tña Amh Gur zorä, Gaf zärä ‘tourner, aller autour’, Gz zawwara ‘durer, subsister’; Amh zäwärwärra ‘vagabond; tortueux (chemin)’, zəwərwər ‘en vrille’, žort ‘hérisson’. – (d)? Akk zēru ‘ne pas aimer, haïr, éviter; abandonner’, zayyār ‘ennemi’, Hbr zār, Phoen oYa zr ‘étranger, d’autrui’, TargAram zār ‘loger chez qn’. – (e) Ar zīr ‘qui est en colère’; (f) zāra ‘visiter (un lieu saint)’, MġrAr zār ‘rendre visite’; zyāra ‘visite’; Qat štzr ‘tenter de visiter’, Mhr Jib Ḥrs zōr ‘visiter’, Te Amh Gur zäyyärä ‘visiter, aller en pèlerinage’, Te təzäyyärä ‘être fatigué, épuisé’. – (g) Ar zawr : ombre que l’on voit dans le sommeil.

disc

▪ ZYR_1 : ↗zīr_1
▪ ZYR_2 : ↗zīr_2
▪ ZYR_3 : ↗zīr_3 , ↗zāra, ↗ZWR
▪ ZYR_4 : ↗zayyar

west

▪ ZYR_1 : Cf. Ital ziro ‘large jar’ – Lokotsch1927#2222.
▪ ZYR_2 : Cf. IE *ndʰer- ‘under’ (Skr adhas ‘below’ [cf. adhaḥ-stha ‘placed low, below’, adhaḥ-sthita ‘standing below’, ádhara-tas ‘below’], Av aṯara- ‘lower’, Lat infernus ‘lower’, infra ‘below’), Engl under.

deriv

Cf. also ↗zār and ↗ZWR.

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